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- W4239666306 abstract "Background: Essential fatty acids modulate inflammation and glucose metabolism and may alter infection risk. Objective: We examined the association between intakes of n−6 and n−3 fatty acids and fish and the risk of community-acquired pneumonia. Design: We prospectively evaluated 38 378 male US health professionals aged 44–79 y at the outset. We updated medical and lifestyle information biennially through questionnaires and diet every 4 y with the use of a validated food-frequency questionnaire. We excluded men who reported pneumonia, myocardial infarction, stroke, other heart disease, arterial surgery, cancer, or asthma before 1990 or those with incomplete dietary data. Community-acquired pneumonia was determined by blinded medical record review of chest radiographs. Results: During 10 y of follow-up, there were 441 new cases of nonfatal community-acquired pneumonia. Pneumonia risk was lower in men in the highest energy-adjusted quintiles of intake than in men in the lowest quintiles of intake of linoleic acid [multivariate relative risk (RR): 0.70; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.96; P for trend = 0.01] and α-linolenic acid (multivariate RR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.93; P for trend = 0.01). Pneumonia risk decreased 4% for every 1-g/d increase in linoleic acid intake (multivariate RR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.93, 0.99). Pneumonia risk was reduced by 31% for every 1-g/d increase in α-linolenic acid intake (multivariate RR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.93). Intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were not significantly related to pneumonia risk. Conclusion: Higher intakes of α-linolenic and linoleic acids and possibly of fish may reduce the risk of pneumonia." @default.
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- W4239666306 date "2005-09-01" @default.
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- W4239666306 title "Intake of n−6 and n−3 fatty acids and fish and risk of community-acquired pneumonia in US men" @default.
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- W4239666306 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/82.3.668" @default.
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