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• W423969829 abstract "This aim of this manuscript is to work towards a better estimate of seismic hazard in an intraplate region. To this end, two approaches are used. The first, an observational approach, uses a simplified model of wave propagation in order to determine regional and local geophysical characteristics that determine seismic hazard. The second approach involves the construction of a computational model of a transform fault to examine changes in earthquake statistics as a function of stress.The observational approach focuses on physically quantifying seismic hazard. This consists of two separate field experiments. The first of these is a preliminary study of site-response in Cairns, Australia. In this survey different means of meas- ureing site- response are compared in order to determine their usability and accuracy in an intraplate setting. When compared with the accurate reference-site or inversion based estimates, it was found that Nakamura's ratio does not accurately predict site- response. Receiver function type estimates are more successful; with P-wave receiver function estimates generally predicting the frequency, but not amplitude, of amplification.A second study, in Southeast Queensland used a massive weighted inversion to estimate earthquake source spectra, regional attenuation, and site-response. Over eight hundred observations were combined in order to determine these properties. The results show that attenuation in Southeast Queensland is relatively low, comparable to regions on stable Precambrian crust. The site-responses vary with geology, with some sediment sites showing an amplification factor of up to eight at low frequencies, and some hard-rock sites showing significant amplification at higher frequencies. The derived attenuation relation, site-response and a seismic source (derived through either data analysis or theoretical means) can be selectively recombined to provide a physically based estimate of seismic hazard. This estimate provides not an estimate of expected peak ground acceleration, but an actual spectrum of the expected shaking for an earthquake of given magnitude and position.The theoretical portion of the thesis aims to examine changes in seismicity in a simplified fault model. Here, a transform fault is visualized as a discontinuity embedded in a perfectly elastic medium. The finite element method is used to formulate an elastic continuum and the fault interface is provided with a simple slip weakening friction law. Care is taken to ensure accurate implementation of elastics and fault boundary conditions. Comparison of the model with two analytic solutions indicates that the formulation and implementation are correct. This model is used to study the effect that the state of stress has on seismicity. To do this seismicity is expressed alternatively as a function of root-mean-squared stress on the fault and degree of spatial correlation of stress. Both models show a correlation between total stress and seismicity, and stress correlation and seismicity." @default.
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• W423969829 date "2019-08-29" @default.
• W423969829 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W423969829 title "An Improved Method for Determining Seismic Hazard in an Intraplate Setting and a Computational Model for Examining Seismicity" @default.
• W423969829 doi "https://doi.org/10.14264/uql.2019.693" @default.
• W423969829 hasPublicationYear "2019" @default.
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