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- W4240897993 abstract "Abstract Background Facilitation is a complex, relational implementation strategy that guides change processes. Facilitators engage in multiple activities and tailor efforts to local contexts. The contextual factors that prompt facilitators to tailor activities have not been well-described. Methods We conducted a mixed methods evaluation of a trial to improve the quality of transient ischemic attack care. Six sites in the Veterans Health Administration received external facilitation (EF) before and during a 1-year active implementation period. We examined how EF was employed, perceived, and activated. Data analysis included prospective logs of facilitator correspondence with sites (160 site-directed episodes), stakeholder interviews (n=78), and collaborative call debriefs (n=22). Logs were descriptively analyzed across facilitators, sites, time periods, and activity types. Interview transcripts were coded for content related to EF and themes were identified. Debriefs were reviewed to identify instances of and utilization of EF during site critical junctures. Results Multi-tiered EF was supported by two groups (site-facing quality improvement [QI] facilitators and the implementation support team) that were connected by feedback loops. Each site received an average of 24 episodes of site-directed EF; most of the EF was delivered by the QI nurse. For each site, site-directed EF frequently involved networking (45%), preparation and planning (44%), process monitoring (44%), and/or education (36%). EF less commonly involved audit and feedback (20%), brainstorming solutions (16%), and/or stakeholder engagement (5%). However, site-directed EF varied widely across sites and time periods in terms of these facilitation types. Site participants recognized the responsiveness of the QI nurse, and valued her problem-solving, feedback, and accountability support. External facilitators used monitoring and dialogue to intervene by facilitating redirection during challenging periods of uncertainty about project direction and feasibility for sites. External facilitators, in collaboration with the implementation support team, successfully used strategies tailored to diverse local contexts, including networking, providing data, and brainstorming solutions. Conclusions Multi-tiered facilitation capitalizing on feedback loops allowed for tailored, site-directed facilitation that aligned with the types of supports that local participants valued. Critical juncture cases illustrate the complexity of EF and the need to often try multiple strategies in combination to facilitate implementation progress." @default.
- W4240897993 created "2022-05-12" @default.
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- W4240897993 date "2020-08-05" @default.
- W4240897993 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
- W4240897993 title "Multi-tiered External Facilitation: The Role of Feedback Loops and Tailored Interventions in Supporting Change in a Stepped-Wedge Implementation Trial" @default.
- W4240897993 doi "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-51848/v1" @default.
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