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• W4241567219 abstract "Abstract A new technique has been developed for analyzing step-pressure test data. The technique yields formation permeability and skin factor. Step-pressure tests involve flowing an oil or gas well at two successive constant pressures and recording the flow rates during the second Constant-pressure flow period. Except for a limiting case where the first constant-pressure flow period is large compared to the second, there is no conventional analysis technique available in the literature for analyzing step-pressure test data. The technique presented in this paper is general and can be used regardless of the relative sizes of the constant-pressure flow periods. The equations necessary for analyzing step-pressure tests were developed, and a new function, production time function, was defined. Plotting the reciprocal of the rate data against the production time Plotting the reciprocal of the rate data against the production time function results in a straight line. Formation permeability and skin factor are computed using the slope of this straight line. The paper includes sample application of the method to simulated step-pressure test data. Step-pressure tests have two attractive features:(1)they do not require that the well be shut in if it is already producing against a constant pressure, such as a gas well producing against a constant pipeline pressure; and(2)wellbore-storage effects on the test data pipeline pressure; and(2)wellbore-storage effects on the test data are short-lived. This paper presents a practical new technique for analyzing data from such tests. STEP-PRESSURE TEST ANALYSIS Step-pressure testing consists of flowing a well at two different constant pressures and recording rate and time data, from which formation permeability and skin factor are to be determined. Advantages of permeability and skin factor are to be determined. Advantages of step-pressure tests are that the well need not be shut in if it is already producing against a constant pressure, and wellbore-storage effects on the test data are short-lived. However, the only conventional analysis technique available to date for step-pressure tests has been for a limiting case where the first constant-pressure flow period is large compared to the second. Assuming that rate and time data are available from a well produced against two different constant pressures, the question is how to analyze the rate data measured during the second constant pressure flow period and determine formation permeability and skin factor. This question is answered by developing the necessary step-pressure analysis equations and demonstrating how they are used to analyze step-pressure test data. DERIVATION OF STEP-PRESSURE TEST EQUATION The equations presented in this section are derived for oil wells. See Appendix A for analogous equations for gas wells. The equation expressing the relationship between well rate and time for a well producing against a constant pressure is ..................(1) where tD is dimensionless time, and qD (tD) is dimensionless rate. Dimensionless time is computed from ..................(2) If dimensionless rate and the other parameters in Equation 1 are known, the equation can be used to forecast the well rate. For the time being, assume that dimensionless rate is known for a well producing against a constant pressure from an infinite-acting reservoir. Equation 1 is not only used to forecast well rates, but is also the basis of constant- pressure and step-pressure test-analysis techniques. pressure and step-pressure test-analysis techniques." @default.
• W4241567219 created "2022-05-12" @default.
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• W4241567219 date "1983-10-05" @default.
• W4241567219 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W4241567219 title "Analysis of Step-Pressure Tests" @default.
• W4241567219 doi "https://doi.org/10.2118/12175-ms" @default.
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