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- W4242764974 abstract "It was the decreasing supply of conventional crude on the world market, offset by the gradual increase in the supply of medium heavy and heavy crude, that resulted in the significant change in the structure of refinery and refining strategy. Petroleum refineries were expected to respond to a continuous change in the demand of transportation fuel in favor of increased demand for diesel fuel relative to that of gasoline. Moreover, the feed imbalance further complicates the situation in petroleum refining. This chapter discusses the developments in petroleum refining. The integration of refining operations with nonrefining improved the overall refining efficiency. Moreover, it provided a viable means for emissions control, particularly in the large size refineries. For refiners, the developments mean a higher consumption of H2 and catalyst inventory in the case that existing upgrading units are employed. This translates into a significant increase in operating costs. The costs can be offset by a more efficient upgrading of middle distillates to produce diesel fuels. In this regard, improvements in the performance of hydroprocessing can by achieved by developing more active catalysts. However, refining experience has shown that revamping of existing reactors and other units can improve the efficiency of H2 and catalyst utilization as well." @default.
- W4242764974 created "2022-05-12" @default.
- W4242764974 date "2003-03-01" @default.
- W4242764974 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W4242764974 title "ConocoPhillips’ Bayway refinery to host first commercial demonstration of S-Brane technology" @default.
- W4242764974 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1351-4180(03)00343-x" @default.
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