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• W4243391910 abstract "inrfTfexw, Vol. 2, No. 1,1998 The Truth of Pederasty: ASupplement to Foucault’s Genealogy of the Relation Between Truth and Desire i n A n c i e n t G r e e c e Nigel Nicholson R E E D C O L L E G E Michel Foucault’s treatment of the relationship between truth and de¬ sireintheClassicalGreekworldisinmanywaystheleastsatisfactor)'partthe Use of Pleasure. In the final section of the Use of Pleasure, Foucault sug¬ gests that Plato’s elaboration of pederasty introduced “the question truth into the love relation as afimdamental question” (Foucault, Pleasure2^Z).This“questionoftruth”generatedacontradictionwithtlie wayinwhicharistocraticGreeksregulatedthemselvesintheirrelationsto pleasure.For,asFoucaultarguesintherestoftheUseofPleasure,these anstocraticGreekmalesattemptedtomaketheirlivesconformtocertain generalaestheticandstylisticcriteria.Sexforthem“wasanaestheticques¬ tion,amatteroflife-style”(Poster211),lifeitselfwasanartform,andthe artists^thatshapeditpracticedwhatFoucaultcallsan“aestheticsofcxise ^e.Thisformofpersonaldisciplinewas,accordingtoFoucault,veO 1^^^nt firom that of the modern Western subject. It was not oriente aroun subordination to detailed and universal prescriptive codes, but aroun afree and deliberate choice to style one’s life in aparticular way? andaroundthemoderationor“use”ofpleasures,ratherthantheirdenial or renunciation. 1Plato’s introduction of “the question of truth” repre¬ sented,however,atransitionawayfromthisethicofself-stylizationsinceit encouraged the training and purification of asubject’s desire in the quest c opposedtotheprincipleofmoderatingpleasuresaprinciple otindehmteabstention”(Foucault,UseofPleasure24:^-4S). ntracing afault line between this ethics of moderation and selfstylizationandanethicsofabstention ,Foucaulthas,however,leftmysteri¬ ous tereasons why truth came to be in this relationship with desire. Truth seems to emerge out of nowhere; Foucault does not attempt to explain why Platonic erotics makes the search for truth the criterion for determin¬ ing what behavior was appropriate for ayouth in apederastic relationshipWere truth and desire associated before?And, if so, how was this relation¬ ship configured? Were truth and desire always oppositional, such that the search for truth demanded apurification of desire and aresistance to the temptations of pleasure? The bareness of the treatment of truth is exacer¬ bated by the limited scope of this section. Because Foucault has restricted o f o f 2 6 2 7 Nicholson—^Thc Truth of Pederasty hisinvestigationalmostexclusivelytoPlato’sphilosophy,heofferslittlemdicationofthesortsofinstitutionsorpracticesthatmighthaveproduceda change in the practice of truth.^ MyaimisthereforetofillthesegapsinFoucault’saccountofthe tionship between truth and desire by offering ahistory of this relation^ip priortoPlato,focusingondielatearchaicperiodanditstracesinthefirst part of the classical period (600 to 450 B.C.E.). Ivill examine two poetic practices,encomiumandthetypeofadacepoetryknownashypothekat, andfromthisevidenceIwillarguethattherewasastrongrelationshipbcnveentruthandpederasticdesireinthisperiodwhichnotonlyprovidesthe contextforPlato’selaborationofpederasty,butalsooffersasignificant contribution to Foucault’s political program. Foucault’smotivesinwnritingtheUseofPleasureareovertlypohne. He characterizes the book as an “effort to think one’s own history an hopesthatthiseffortcan“freethoughtfromwhatitsilentlythinks,and enableittothinkdifferently”(9).Foucault’shistoricalinvestigationisthus itselfaformofasccsis,adeliberateandconcentratedefforttotransforme self(Halpcrin,SaintFoucault76-77).Thistransformationwill,ifsuccessfill ,beachievedtiiroughtherecognitionchattheselfisformed,thatitasa history, and tiiat it has been formed differently in the past. History is ascholarly thought-experiment that we perform on ordertodecenterourselvesbyrevealing,throughagenealogicalanaysis ofourbeinginthepresent,ourownothernesstoourselves.Inthe*8^° historyweappeardifferentfromourselves,orfromwhatwethoughtwe were,andsowcrecoverasenseofourselvesassitesofdifference—ence, sitesofpossibletransformation.(Halperin,SaintFoucault105) s o ourselves in Foucault does not only use tlic notion of an “aesthetics of existence to is toricize our present regime of sex and sexuality. He also use potentialalternativetotiiatregime,oratleastpotentialavenues^roug whichthosedisadvantagedbythecontemporaryregimeofsexandsexu itymightbeabletodisruptthatregime.ThisisnottosaythatFoucat promotedtiieparticularstandardsagainstwhichtheclassicalGreek ured his life, or that he was unaware that in classical Greece the possibility ofmakinganartformoutofone’slifewasopenonlytoaristocraticnialcs, simplythathesawthepracticeofself*stylizationasaconcreteandachiev¬ ableformofresistance(Halperin,SaintFoucault67-125;Poster210-12, cf Foucault, “Oveniew” 343-51). Astudyoftilerelationshipbetweentruthanddesireinthelatearchaic period advances Foucault’s political project. Ahistory that demonstrates a veiy different relationship between truth and desire from the oppositional relationship exemplified by the Platonic Socrates can help undermine the present relationship benveen trutii, sexual abstention and the purification of desire. Moreover, ahistory that shows astrong link between pederastic desire and truth can change the unquestioned legitimacy in Western 2 8 I N T E R T E X T S society of the relationship between heterosexuality, truth and authority.As DavidHalpcrinobserves,inoursocietyheterosexualityisa“conditionfor thesupposedlyobjective,disinterestedknowledgeofotherobjects,”while an overt homosexual identity “operates as an instant discjualification. ... grants everyone else an absolute epistemological advantage (Halperin,SflmrT£,Mc/i«/r47,8;scc further 7-13, 36-67, 126-39). By con¬ trast,archaicGreeceoffersanexampleofmale-maledesirelegitimating, rather than dclcgitimating asubject’s authority. E n c o m i u m o ' c r y o u nepracticewherepederastyandtrutharcimplicatedisthatofen¬ comiasticpoetry.Mostoftheencomiasticpoetrythatsunavesbelongsto csmallersubsetofcpinician—poemscomposedinhonorofimportant PoUticaJ individuals and their families who have demonstrated their superirityywinning ^ictoricsinthelargestathleticfestivalsofancientGreece. ^memberofthefamily(ifnottheheadofthefamilyhimself)mayhave onthevictorybyactuallycompetinghimself,orhemayhavewonby ponsonng(intheequestrianevents)tlictrainingandmaintenanceofdie groomsandrider.Suchsponsorshipwasexpensive,butthe ready to commit still further resources to hiring apoet to glomoJr ^recordtheirictories.Pindar,BacchylidesandSimonidesweredie somproducersofcpinician,butthereweredoubtlessmanyothers, and..." @default.
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• W4243391910 date "1998-01-01" @default.
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• W4243391910 title "The Truth of Pederasty: A Supplement to Foucault’s Genealogy of the Relation Between Truth and Desire in Ancient Greece" @default.
• W4243391910 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/itx.1998.0009" @default.
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