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- W4244382083 abstract "Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that gallstone disease is rare in African populations. We hypothesize urbanization has led to an increase in cholecystectomy (CC) rates for gallstone disease in South Africa (SA). Methods: Data from 34294 CC specimens were obtained from the SA NHLS (2003-2015). Population statistics, average real annual economic growth rate and urbanization ratios were obtained from Statistics SA for all 9 provinces. Two periods were analyzed, period 1 (2003-2009) and period 2 (2009-2015). Results: The average real annual economic growth rate in SA increased year on year by 3.7% during the study period suggesting increased economic prosperity for the overall population. Urbanization ratios also increased in SA from 56% in 2001 to 63% in 2011, except in the Northern Cape which was the only province to show a decline in urbanization (81% to 76%). The overall SA CC rate increased by 37.63% (range per province: 1.85% to 61.63%) in period 2. The Northern Cape however showed a decline in CC’s by 28.3%. There was an overall 20.3% increase of incidental gallbladder cancer (iGBC) in period 2 (59 to 74 cases) in SA. The Northern Cape had a 900% decrease in incidental gallbladder cancer in period 2 (10 cases to 1 case). Three other provinces also showed smaller decreases in iGBC (Gauteng 24 to 20 cases; Mpumalanga 4 to 2 cases; Limpopo 1 to 0 cases). Conclusion: This study suggests that living in a rural area is protective from symptomatic gallbladder disease and possibly from gallbladder cancer." @default.
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- W4244382083 date "2019-01-01" @default.
- W4244382083 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W4244382083 title "Ruralization is protective from gallbladder disease" @default.
- W4244382083 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpb.2019.10.719" @default.
- W4244382083 hasPublicationYear "2019" @default.
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