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- W4245174911 abstract "Growth cones guide neurites to their targets by monitoring chemoattractive and chemorepellant cues. Many cues elicit localized increases in cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]c), but, curiously, both attractive and repulsive diffusible cues can increase [Ca2+]c on the side of the growth cone facing the source of the gradient so that the growth cone turns toward (attraction) or away from (repulsion) the side with greater [Ca2+]c. Ooashi et al. used focal laser-induced photolysis (FLIP) of caged Ca2+ to transiently increase [Ca2+]c in the growth cones of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons grown on different substrata. Neurons grown on L1 or N-cadherin turned toward, whereas neurons grown on laminin turned away from, the side on which [Ca2+]c was greater. Neurons grown on L1 and N-cadherin had more adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) and showed increased cAMP binding to the regulatory subunits of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) than did neurons grown on laminin. Inhibition of cAMP signaling converted Ca2+-mediated attraction to repulsion, whereas pharmacological activation of PKA converted Ca2+-mediated repulsion to attraction. PKA phosphorylates ryanodine receptors (RyRs), facilitating calcium-induced calcium release (CICR), and pharmacological analysis combined with calcium imaging in conjunction with FLIP showed PKA-dependent activation of RyR-mediated CICR in growth cones on L1 or N-cadherin. Analysis of calcium signals and of the turning behavior of DRG neurons from mice lacking the type 3 RyR isoform (RyR3) implicated RyR3 in PKA-dependent CICR and attractive turning. Experiments with calcium buffers or with different amounts of the Ca2+-caging compound indicated that the source of the cytosolic Ca2+ signal--rather than its amplitude--determined turning behavior. Thus, the authors conclude that a Ca2+ signal that triggers CICR stimulates attractive turning, whereas a Ca2+ signal without CICR elicits repulsion.N. Ooashi, A. Futatsugi, F. Yoshihara, K. Mikoshiba, H. Kamiguchi, Cell adhesion molecules regulate Ca2+-mediated steering of growth cones via cyclic AMP and ryanodine receptor type 3. J. Cell Biol. 170, 1159-1167 (2005). [Abstract] [Full Text]" @default.
- W4245174911 created "2022-05-12" @default.
- W4245174911 date "2005-10-04" @default.
- W4245174911 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W4245174911 title "Converting Repulsion to Attraction with CICR" @default.
- W4245174911 doi "https://doi.org/10.1126/stke.3042005tw347" @default.
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