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• W4245545675 abstract "LONDON. Royal Society, April 3.—Sir Charles Sherrington, and E. G. T. Liddell: Reflexes in response to stretch (myotatic reflexes). In the knee-extensor (decerebrat Physical Society, March 14.—Mr. F. E. Smith in the chair.—U. A. Oschwald and A. G. Tarrant: (i) A new photo-electric and ionisation effect. For the discharge in a neon lamp to start, a certain minimum voltage is necessary, which is affected very considerably by light or other ionising agents external to the lamp. The light effect is produced by illumination of any intensity above a very low value (o-oi foot-candles producing an appreciable effect). It is caused by rays of a broad wave-band in the visible spectrum, with a maximum effect in the orange, and the seat of the effect is located on the surface of both the metal electrodes, irrespective of polarity. A similar effect, but probably of different mechanism, is caused by rays from uranium oxide and from an X-ray tube. It is possible to detect by this means X-rays from a very feeble tube at a distance of 90 feet.—(2) Notes on some electrical properties of the neon lamp. By means of a special, accurately timed switch, a neon lamp was thrown into the “oscillating “state, and its voltage measured after any predetermined interval (from 0-005 to 0-5 seconds). Thus the voltage-time curve of the “oscillating “lamp was plotted. Very close agreement with theory is found. A neon lamp was made to oscillate at its highest possible frequency, which was measured by a tuned circuit. Measured frequencies did not agree well in this case with theory, but a maximum frequency of about 95,000 is observed. A neon lamp was also run at such a voltage that if the discharge were interrupted for any considerable time it would not restart, the voltage being below the minimum starting voltage for the lamp. The circuit was interrupted by a special high-speed interrupter for separate single intervals down to 5 x io~5 seconds. In no case did the discharge restart, showing an ionisation persistence of less than this interval.—J. H. Shaxby and E. J. Evans: Certain properties of the Osglim neon-filled lamp. The characteristic (voltage and current) curve of the Osglim neon-filled lamp illustrates many of the properties of the discharge of electricity through rarefied gases. The identity of the sparking potential with that necessary to produce a minimal current through the gas, pointed out by Townsend, is clearly confirmed. Part of the characteristic is negative, and this results in the lamp discharge becoming intermittent on a direct current supply, over a certain range of external resistance, independently of any external condenser in the circuit. This tendency appears, whatever the current through the lamp, when any change is made in the circuit, and produces instability at the moment of switching on the lamp. In the case of A.C. supply, it causes an intermittent discharge during that part of the cycle, when, so far as the supplied volts are concerned, one would expect a continuous glow. The lamp can be used as an indicator in a commutator method of measuring the frequency of alternating currents.—J. Taylor and W. Clarkson: The critical resistance for flashing of the low-voltage neon discharge tube. There is a critical value Rc, for the resistance in series with the neon tube, below which no flashes can be obtained. This value is given by where E is the charging voltage, VR the lower critical voltage, A the cathode fall of potential (approximately), and k the conductance of the discharge tube." @default.
• W4245545675 created "2022-05-12" @default.
• W4245545675 date "1924-04-01" @default.
• W4245545675 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W4245545675 title "Societies and Academies" @default.
• W4245545675 doi "https://doi.org/10.1038/113589b0" @default.
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