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- W4245760020 abstract "LONDON.Royal Society, November 4.—Sir William Crookes, president, in the chair.—Prof. W. E. Dalby: A diagram to facilitate the study of external ballistics. The paper describes a semigraphical method for solving problems relating to motion in a resisting medium, with particular application to the motion of a projectile after it has left the gun. It is shown how easily and rapFdly problems of direct fire can be solved by the aid of the diagram, with an accuracy sufficient for most practical purposes, and probably to the same order of accuracy as that of the data from which the primitive curve is derived. For a given muzzle velocity, the range, the time of flight, the angle of elevation corresponding to the range, the angle of descent, found from the diagram, are respectively, multiplied by the ballistic coefficient to get the actual values of these quantities. It is shown how easily Siacci's function can be integrated, and a curve showing the integral value of the function is added to the diagram. The diagram may be used for the solution of problems relating to high-angle fire just in the same way as the ballistic tables are used. The actual velocities are replaced by pseudo-velocities calculated in the way explained in the gunnery text-books, and then these pseudo-velocities are used with the diagram.- W. B. Hardy: An application of the principle of dynamical similitude to molecular physics. The principle of dynamical similitude is developed and applied to the case of the internal latent heat of evaporation. It is found that if temperature be proportional to the mean energy of progressive motion of the molecules, the internal latent heats of dynamically corresponding states should be given by the equation LM = ar, where L is the latent heat, M the gram-molecular weight, a a' constant, and T the temperature. This equation may be used either to identify corresponding temperatures or to test some assumption as to corresponding temperatures.—R. Jones: The motion of a stream of finite depth past a body. The method of considering the two-dimensional flow of an infinite fluid past a body, as being constituted of a potential motion plus 3. circulation, is in the present paper applied to a stream of finite depth.-K. Terazawa: Deep-sea water waves caused by a local disturbance on or beneath the surface. Analytical investigations of sea-water waves produced by a local disturbance on the surface have been made by various writers. Prof. H. Lamb's paper (Proc. Lond. Math. Soc., (2) II., p. 371, 1904), on the subject is the most concise and comprehensive. The earlier part of this paper consists of an extension of his investigations, and discusses the cases where the initial prescribed displacement of the surface or impulse applied to it is of the form A cos mdj ra, where rs is distance from origin, instead of being condensed in a point. The displacement of the surface is expressed as a power series of gt2/is, with zonal or associated harmonic functions as its coefficients. As to the sequence of events at the centre of the initial disturbance, there has hitherto been little examination. In this paper that point is discussed, the initial disturbance being assumed to be of the form A./*/(b2+ &'o), and it is found that for this type there occur only a few rises and falls of the surface which cease in a short time.. The latter part of the paper is devoted to the problem of the tidal wave caused in deep water by a submarine explosion having its source situated at a point or along a horizontal line, assuming this source to be placed so deep, or its force to be so gentle, that the surface of the water is not broken by the ejection of a water-column.-W. G. Duffield: The consumption of carbon in the electric arc. Experiments have been carried out to determine the amount of material lost by the poles of a direct-current carbon arc under different conditions of current and arc length. Before beginning the weighings the arc was burnt to shape; on this account consistent results have been obtained. For a given current the carbon consumption oboth “the anode and the kathode increases with the arc lengtfi until a constant value is reached. Using long arcs the consumption per coulomb decreases with increasing current; the ratio of anode to kathode consumption is about 1-5, increasing slightly with the current. The study of extremely short arcs leads to the following conclusions:—(i)The loss of an atom Of carbon from the kathode of a very short carbon arc is accompanied by the transfer between the poles of a quantity of electricity equivalent to four electronic charges. (2) In long arcs the loss is due to this essential carbon disappearance plus a quantity due to combustion. No. (i) has been found to hold over a range of current strengths from 2 to 100 amperes.—Hon. R. J. Strntt: Observations on the fluorescence and resonance of o sodium vapour. II.—J. G. Leathern: Some applications of conformal transformation to problems in hydrodynamics. Supplementary note.—L. Isserlis: The conditions under which the “probable errors” of frequencv distributions have a real significance.—Prof. W. M. Thornton: The reaction between gas and pole in the electrical ignition of gaseous mixtures.—Lieut.—Col. A. G. Hadcock: The longitudinal strength of cylinders closed by screw plugs.—J. G. Leathern: Some applications of conforms! transformation to problems in hydrodynamics.—A. B. Wood: Volatilisation of extremely thin radio-active deposits.—S. W. Richardson: Some experiments on the properties of dielectrics.— W. B. Bottomley: a bacterial test for plant-food accessories (Auximones)." @default.
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- W4245760020 date "1915-11-01" @default.
- W4245760020 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W4245760020 title "Societies and Academies" @default.
- W4245760020 doi "https://doi.org/10.1038/096304a0" @default.
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