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- W4246201989 abstract "Abstract. The detection of historical long-term trends is often complicated by interdecadal variability in the time series of interest. A mechanistic understanding of the causes of this variability allows to separate the signals. Salinity of the Baltic Sea contains a dominant 30-year cycle with a peak-to-peak amplitude of around 0.4 g kg−1 at the surface. We use both analysis of empirical data and a numerical model reconstruction for the period of 1850–2008 to explain these changes. It is known that the 30-year periodicity coincides with a variability in river runoff. Periods of enhanced runoff are followed by lower salinities. We demonstrate, however, that the drop in mean salinity cannot be understood as a simple dilution of the Baltic Sea water by freshwater. Rather, the 30-year periodicity in river runoff occurs synchronously with a substantial variation in salt water import across Darss Sill. Fewer strong inflow events occur in periods of enhanced river runoff. This reduction in the import of high-salinity water is the main reason for the freshening of the water below the permanent halocline. In the bottom waters, the variation in salinity is larger than at the surface. As a consequence, the surface layer salinity variation is caused by a combination of both effects, a direct dilution by river water and a reduced upward diffusion of salt as a consequence of reduced inflow activity. It remains unclear whether the covariation in river runoff and inflow activity are only a spurious correlation during the historical period, or a mechanistic link exists between the two quantities, e.g. both are caused by the same atmospheric patterns." @default.
- W4246201989 created "2022-05-12" @default.
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- W4246201989 date "2019-09-27" @default.
- W4246201989 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W4246201989 title "Explaining interdecadal salinity changes in the Baltic Sea in a 1850–2008 hindcast simulation" @default.
- W4246201989 doi "https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2019-105" @default.
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