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- W4246620663 abstract "In December 1989, Jere Logemann organized and edited the first issue of the Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation dedicated to dysphagia. Ten years later, the journal has opted to dedicate a second issue to this topic. Dysphagia assessment and treatment has become a primary clinical focus for many speech/language pathologists working in hospital and nursing home settings. The last decade has produced considerable literature on the potential impact of dysphagia on medical complications and extended length of stays. These factors, coupled with the increased demand to reduce hospital costs and shorten lengths of stay, have fostered these trends. This issue (JHTR 14:5)—entitled “Current Trends and Technologies in Dysphagia Management”—attempts to highlight the application of new technologies and new information from both a research and functional clinical application perspective. This issue includes input from both the acute medical/surgical and rehabilitation perspectives, as well as pediatric and adult models. There is increased recognition of the relationships between dysphagia, pneumonia, length of stay, and hospital costs in the acute care hospital. Mackay and colleagues identify injury severity and swallowing factors that are associated with impaired oral intake in patients with severe brain injury admitted to a trauma center. This research study identifies specific independent predictors at admission and upon initial swallowing assessment at the trauma center. Since the first issue on dysphagia in 1989, additional assessment technologies have been applied to the area of dysphagia. One of those areas includes fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing, commonly known as FEES. Two articles in this issue specifically address the use and application of FEES. In one article, Leder investigates the utility of using FEES in the acute medical/surgical hospital. In the other article, Hoppers and Holm discuss the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing FEES in the inpatient rehabilitation hospital, including case studies to demonstrate clinical application. Medical management related to dysphagia is critical in recovery from a brain injury. Morgan and Mackay discuss the relationship between airway management and swallowing, along with the impact of aspiration pneumonia and its associated risk factors. Pepe and Barba examine the metabolic responses associated with traumatic brain injury and the importance of providing adequate nutrition. The article describes the potential consequences of the hypermetabolic and hypercatabolic state that ensues from a brain injury. Various enteral feeding methods and their advantages and disadvantage are discussed. Halper and colleagues present data on the effect of cognitive-communicative impairments on oral feeding. Relationships between dysphagia severity, Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores, and length of stay are illustrated. Two case studies exemplify these relationships during the inpatient rehabilitation phase of recovery. Finally, Rowe utilizes case studies to describe the clinical management of dysphagia in the pediatric population. The article outlines issues and factors that are distinct to the pediatric patient in relation to the assessment and treatment of dysphagia post traumatic brain injury. I thank the JHTR editors for selecting me as issue editor and for their decision to dedicate an issue to this important topic." @default.
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- W4246620663 date "1999-10-01" @default.
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- W4246620663 title "Preface" @default.
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