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• W4247801857 abstract "This chapter provides the description, synthesis, physical properties, pharmacokinetics, and methods of analysis of sulfacetamide. Sulfacetamide is the Niacetyl derivative of sulfanilamide, The sodium salt of sulfacetamide, because of its effectiveness and low toxicity, continues to be the most widely prescribed sulfonamide in the form of eye-drops and ointment for ophthalmic infections. It is used mainly in the treatment of acute conjunctivitis and in the prophylaxis of ocular infections after injuries or burns. Sulfacetamide sodium is the monohydrate of the sodium salt of sulfacetamide. It is highly soluble in water and is used for the preparation of eye-drops and eye ointments. 1.2 g of sulfacetamide sodium is approximately equivalent to 1 g of sulfacetamide. In synthesis of sulfacetamide, sulfanilamide (I) is acetylated by acetic anhydride to give N1-N4-acetyl derivative. The N4-acetyl group is removed by alkaline hydrolysis to yield sulfacetamide, which is crystallized by acidifying with hydrochloric acid. It is soluble in 150 parts of water, 15 parts of alcohol and 7 parts of acetone; very slightly soluble in chloroform; slightly soluble in ether; soluble in mineral acids and solutions of alkali hydroxides and carbonates. The ultraviolet absorption characteristics of sulfacetamide and its sodium salt are used for the identification of compounds. The sulfonamide spectra are sensitive to pH. In alkaline solution the primary amino group is retained as awochrome, but in acid solution quaternisation occurs to a coordinatively saturated auxochrome. After oral administration sulfacetamide is readily absorbed and rapidly excreted in the urine, mainly as unchanged drug. However, it is usually only used topically in the treatment of eye infections; absorption into the blood may occur after application to the eye if the conjunctiva is inflamed." @default.
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• W4247801857 date "1994-01-01" @default.
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• W4247801857 title "Sulfacetamide" @default.
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• W4247801857 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0099-5428(08)60610-3" @default.
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