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• W4248579218 abstract "Experience From Topside And Subsea Use Of The Erosion Based Sand Monitoring System Nils A. Braaten; Nils A. Braaten CorrOcean as Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Terje J. Blakset; Terje J. Blakset CorrOcean as Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Derek Morton Derek Morton CorrOcean Ltd. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dallas, Texas, October 1995. Paper Number: SPE-30644-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/30644-MS Published: October 22 1995 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Braaten, Nils A., Blakset, Terje J., and Derek Morton. Experience From Topside And Subsea Use Of The Erosion Based Sand Monitoring System. Paper presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dallas, Texas, October 1995. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/30644-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition Search Advanced Search AbstractThis paper describes the use of an erosion based on-line sand monitoring system, both for topside and subsea applications. It shows the practical use of the system, both from a safety point of view, with the probe giving early warning of sand production/erosion, in addition to being a tool for optimizing the production from the oil/gas wells. The probe works equally well in all flow regimes, single or multiphase flow.IntroductionThe production of sand and solids in oil and gas can represent a major problem in terms of erosion and damage to the process system, including piping, valves and fittings. Sand production can also lead to a degradation or, in the worst case, a collapse of the reservoir. Unexpected breakdown of the reservoir and water breakthrough can occur, resulting in increased sand content of the well fluid. Process equipment could also be filled up due to settling of sand. In addition to being a pure safety device, the active use of proper sand monitoring equipment may have substantial cost reducing impact, since piping tolerances with respect to erosion may be reduced.Sand control has in the past been sought mainly through downhole techniques like screens/gravel packs. A gravel pack will however limit the production capacity from the reservoir, and it has also been seen to fail, with drastic consequences. In addition, the cost of a gravel pack operation can make it desirable to seek for other solutions, and horizontal wells are usually not gravel packed. The system presented in this article allows for continuous monitoring of the status of sand production from any type of wells, and will serve both as a safety device and as tool for optimizing the oil/gas production.During testing before a well is put into normal production, and at later stages, maximum sandfree rate (MSFR-) tests with on-line sand monitoring can be performed to establish the max. acceptable production rates. However, downhole conditions can change over time, resulting in sand production, which leads to a need for continuous measurements.This paper describes experience from use of a an erosion based sand monitoring system, that was developed through an extensive development project, financially supported by Norsk Hydro, Oil and Gas Div. The system does not need any on site calibration (injection of known quantities of sand) to quantify sand contents, and can be used equally well in all flow regimes, single or multiphase In addition, erosion rates read directly from the probe elements will be an indicator of the erosion of the piping system itself.System DevelopmentThe system is based on an intrusive probe, consisting of sensing elements made from an alloy that does not corrode in the particular environment. A schematic drawing of the probe, mounted into the pipe line through an hydraulic access fitting, is shown in Figure 1. The sand probe sensing elements are facing the flow as shown in this figure. A 2 access fitting is needed to get access into the pipe line, this could either be a hydraulic or a mechanical (threaded) type of fitting. The hydraulic type of fitting is recommended, since this eliminates any problems with galling, and will ease the installation/replacement of the probe under pressure. This can be done using a hydraulic retrieval tool. Each sensing element is fed with a constant current. By measuring the potential drop across the element, the change in resistance of each element can be monitored. As illustrated in Fig. 2 there is a direct connection between change in electrical resistance and reduction of element thickness. To compensate for temperature changes, which influence the resistance of the element material, a reference element is included at the back of the probe body. This element is exposed to the same temperature, but is shielded from the erosive sand particles. The corrosion resistant sensing elements are cast in a high quality ceramic into the probe body, which is made from stainless steel to ensure that the probe has the necessary mechanical strength and corrosion resistance.P. 147 Keywords: field bus cable, tordis field, interface, resistance, sand probe, sand content, application, metal loss curve, upstream oil & gas, erosion Subjects: Flow Assurance, Formation Evaluation & Management, Solids (scale, sand, etc.), Drillstem/well testing This content is only available via PDF. 1995. Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download." @default.
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• W4248579218 title "EXPERIENCE FROM TOPSIDE AND SUBSEA USE OF THE EROSION BASED SAND MONITORING SYSTEM " @default.
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