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• W4249424742 abstract "Background Top-level training induces morphologic cardiac adaptations; the most relevant change is cardiac hypertrophy. There are many data about so called “athlete' s heart” in adults, but is not jet clear the effect of the training in young subjects 's heart. Objective To assess physiological cardiac adaptation in elite soccer players and swimmers, in childhood and adolescence. Subjects and methods We study 423 highly trained athletes (119 swimmers, 304 soccer players) and 131 non-trained controls. We considered three groups comparable by age (8 to 18 years) and Body Surface Area (1,00 to 1,99 m2). and for each group the athletes and controls were divided in ten classes of BSA (class A:1–1.09 m2; class B:1.10–1.19; class C:1.20–1.29; class D:1.30–1.39; class E:1.40–1.49; class F:1.50–1.59; class G:1.60–1.69;class H:1.70–1.79; class I:1.80–1.89; class L:1.90–1.99). Left ventricular morphology was studied with two-dimensional guided M-mode echocardiography. Parameters measured included: End-diastolic diameter, End-diastolic volume, Posterior wall thickness (PP), Interventricular septum thickness (IVS), Left ventricular mass (LVM), Left ventricular Mass index (LVMi) in the different BSA classes. The data for athletes and non-athletes were compared. Results Our results show that IVS and PW were greater in athletes than in controls, particularly in soccer player in A-D classes. All other BSA classes swimmers had the greater one (IVS:p < 0.02; PW:p < 0.03). The value of LVM and LVMi grews with BSA increment in athletes and controls. These values became statistically signified by BSA greater than 1,60 m2. particularly in swimmers than in soccers. TDV was greater in athletes by E class. Swimmers had volume greater than soccer players in all BSA classes over 1.40 m2, becoming statistically signified by this BSA class. Soccer players had LVM and LVMi statistically greater than controls only in BSA classes over 1.80 m2. Conclusion Cardiac adaptation to intensive training in elite prepuberal swimmers and soccer players includes a mild increase in left ventricular dimension, in septal wall thickness, in posterior wall thickness, in end-diastolic volume and diameter. The differences became significant in adolescence (BSA > 1,60 m2), showing in this period the main adaptation to sport. Parameters measured defined also the characteristic of “athlete's heart” in two different shapes: dominance of volume and diameter respect on wall thickness in swimmers, and on the other hand an harmonic growth in soccer players." @default.
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• W4249424742 date "2005-05-01" @default.
• W4249424742 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W4249424742 title "Effects On Cardiac Adaptations Of Training In Young Soccer Players And Swimmers" @default.
• W4249424742 doi "https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200505001-01231" @default.
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