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• W4249635818 abstract "Fracture Detection by Circumferential Propagation of Acoustic Energy Gordon G. Setser Gordon G. Setser Shell Development Company Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, October 1981. Paper Number: SPE-10204-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/10204-MS Published: October 04 1981 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Setser, Gordon G. Fracture Detection by Circumferential Propagation of Acoustic Energy. Paper presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, October 1981. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/10204-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition Search Advanced Search AbstractAn acoustic logging tool that propagates waves circumferentially around the borehole wall is described. This tool, The Circumferential Acoustic Device (CAD), shows excellent promise for the detection of vertically-inclined fractures, for the measurement of shear wave velocity, and for the resolution of thinly interbedded zones. The CAD is a four-arm pad tool. Appended to one pair of opposite arms are cylindrical PZT transducers that act as transmitters. Similarly, PZT transducers that act as transmitters. Similarly, the other pair of arms have transducers appended that act as receivers. Acoustic energy travels circumferentially between transmitter and receiver its compressional mud waves and as refractively-coupled formation waves. The formation waves are identified as p-, s-, and pseudo-Rayleigh (pR) waves. Absorbing material is used to preferentially attenuate the mud waves and there by enhance the formation wave content of the received acoustic wavetrain.We have used the CAD to log open-hole wells in the Williston Basin. The zones logged are primarily tight limestone, have no mudcake, and have a p-wave velocity of around 18,000 ft/sec. The CAD is found to delineate fractured from non-fractured zones through the attenuation of the pR-Waves. These results are verified by comparing CAD well-logs to core.The CAD is potentially useful for making s- and pR-wave velocity measurements, and for sorting out the pR-wave velocity measurements, and for sorting out the elastic moduli of strata describable as transversely isotropic. In a transversely isotropic medium the s- and prewave velocities as measured from CAD logs depend on the C66 elastic constant. Thus the CAD gives unique elasticity information since the more conventional acoustic tools would measure s-wave velocities that depend an C44.IntroductionThe economic success of reservoirs having low porosity and very low matrix permeability may depend porosity and very low matrix permeability may depend on locating naturally-occurring, vertically-inclined fractures. Indeed, fracture permeability can easily be the dominating transport mechanism. For example, a vertical fissure 0.01 in. wide which intersects the borehole is equivalent to a bed thickness of 45 ft having 3 permeability of 100 millidarcies. Because the CAD transmits acoustic energy circumferentially around the borehole it is particularly sensitive to the presence of vertically-inclined fractures. The tool was first discussed by Vogel. Some significant improvements have been made in the CAD since the first report, and the new results are described in this paper.In addition to the CAD, two other logging tools show promise as fracture detectors. Of the more standard tools available from the service companies the microresistivity dipmeter appears to be the most promising. When used as a fracture detection tool, promising. When used as a fracture detection tool, the dipmeter log presentation consists of tracing the resistivities measured by pairs of adjacent pads against one another. Thus there are four dual- resistivity traces. In a salt-based mud vertically- inclined fractures act to short circuit a pad and give an anomalously low resistivity compared to the neighboring pads. Because the pads cover only about 25 percent of the borehole circumference and because fracture-induced resistivity contrast is not always present even in salt-based muds, it appears unlikely present even in salt-based muds, it appears unlikely that this tool can be significantly improved as a fracture detector.Recently there has been revived interest in the borehole televiewer as described by Wylie and Broding. Using image enhancement techniques to improve gray-scale resolution they have shown that some of the problems associated with borehole shape irregularities and rugosity can be overcome. If further improvements can be made, this tool may give a very detailed acoustic picture of fracture character even under less than ideal borehole conditions. Keywords: quadrant waveform, upstream oil & gas, cad, log analysis, attenuation, fluid wave, amplitude, well logging, detection, transmitter Subjects: Formation Evaluation & Management, Open hole/cased hole log analysis This content is only available via PDF. 1981. Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download." @default.
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• W4249635818 title "Fracture Detection by Circumferential Propagation of Acoustic Energy " @default.
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