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- W4250611908 abstract "The authors appreciate the comments of Drs Ozkan and Akay regarding the incidence of infection and pneumonia in infants after bilateral phrenic nerve palsy (PNP).The primary intention of this case report was to highlight the conservative management of bilateral PNP in neonates. Surprisingly, this infant, despite spending 72 days in the intensive care unit, did not develop any pneumonia. However, she developed systemic sepsis (which was not mentioned in the case report), which was suspected on the sixth postoperative day, because of rising white cell counts (increased to 23.6 K/μL with neutrophil counts of 91%) and falling platelet counts (reduced to 13,000 K/μL). A blood culture at this time returned positive for a gram-negative organism (Acenatobacter species). Our routine antibiotic prophylaxis is a combination of cefazolin (25 mg/kg/dose every eight hours) and ofloxacin (6 mg/kg/dose every twelve hours). After the onset of sepsis, this was changed to piperacillin/Tazobactum (50 mg/kg/dose every eight hours) with ofloxacin (same dose) and later narrowed down to a single antibiotic (Piperacillin/Tazobactum) after receiving the sensitivity pattern. This was continued for 10 days. All central and arterial catheters were removed 2 days after the tracheostomy was performed.Probably one of the reasons why this infant did not develop pneumonia is related to our practice of doing an “open-lung maneuver” in all our pediatric patients. There is very limited literature available on the use of open lung in children and probably none related to pediatric cardiac surgery. What we practice is that after every endotracheal suction, we increase the positive end-expiratory pressure to 20 to 25 cmH2O for 30 to 40 seconds. This maneuver can be easily performed in a well-sedated child without the need for muscle paralysis. It does not lead to any hemodynamic disturbances. In this institute, this is a routine practice, and we have noticed a reduction in the incidence of lung collapse and pneumonia in the postoperative period.I fully agree with Drs Ozkan and Akay that the crux of the matter lies in the prevention of PNP and having a high degree of suspicion in the intensive care unit, particularly in children who fail weaning for no particular reason. The authors appreciate the comments of Drs Ozkan and Akay regarding the incidence of infection and pneumonia in infants after bilateral phrenic nerve palsy (PNP). The primary intention of this case report was to highlight the conservative management of bilateral PNP in neonates. Surprisingly, this infant, despite spending 72 days in the intensive care unit, did not develop any pneumonia. However, she developed systemic sepsis (which was not mentioned in the case report), which was suspected on the sixth postoperative day, because of rising white cell counts (increased to 23.6 K/μL with neutrophil counts of 91%) and falling platelet counts (reduced to 13,000 K/μL). A blood culture at this time returned positive for a gram-negative organism (Acenatobacter species). Our routine antibiotic prophylaxis is a combination of cefazolin (25 mg/kg/dose every eight hours) and ofloxacin (6 mg/kg/dose every twelve hours). After the onset of sepsis, this was changed to piperacillin/Tazobactum (50 mg/kg/dose every eight hours) with ofloxacin (same dose) and later narrowed down to a single antibiotic (Piperacillin/Tazobactum) after receiving the sensitivity pattern. This was continued for 10 days. All central and arterial catheters were removed 2 days after the tracheostomy was performed. Probably one of the reasons why this infant did not develop pneumonia is related to our practice of doing an “open-lung maneuver” in all our pediatric patients. There is very limited literature available on the use of open lung in children and probably none related to pediatric cardiac surgery. What we practice is that after every endotracheal suction, we increase the positive end-expiratory pressure to 20 to 25 cmH2O for 30 to 40 seconds. This maneuver can be easily performed in a well-sedated child without the need for muscle paralysis. It does not lead to any hemodynamic disturbances. In this institute, this is a routine practice, and we have noticed a reduction in the incidence of lung collapse and pneumonia in the postoperative period. I fully agree with Drs Ozkan and Akay that the crux of the matter lies in the prevention of PNP and having a high degree of suspicion in the intensive care unit, particularly in children who fail weaning for no particular reason. Diaphragm Paralysis in Children After Cardiac SurgeryJournal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular AnesthesiaVol. 21Issue 1PreviewWe read with great interest the article by Moideen and associates entitled “Bilateral Phrenic Nerve Palsy in a Neonate Following Complex Congenital Cardiac Surgery.”1 Although we appreciate their excellent result and presentation, we have some comments about their diagnosis and treatment strategies. Also, we would like to share our experience about diaphragm paralysis (DP) after cardiac surgery. Full-Text PDF" @default.
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