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- W4252017293 abstract "Background The ideal quantity of dietary protein for formula‐fed low birth weight infants is still a matter of debate. Protein intake must be sufficient to achieve normal growth without negative effects such as acidosis, uremia, and elevated levels of circulating amino acids. Objectives To determine the effect of higher versus lower protein intakes of formula‐fed preterm infants on growth and neurodevelopmental outcome. Search methods The standard search methods of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group were used. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library were searched. Selection criteria Randomized controlled trials contrasting levels of formula protein intakes as low (< 3.0 g/kg/day), high (≥ 3.0 g/kg/day but < 4.0 g/kg/day), or very high protein intake (≥ 4.0 g/kg/day) in formula‐fed hospitalized neonates less than 2.5 kilograms were included. Studies were excluded if infants received partial parenteral nutrition during the study period or were fed formula as a supplement to human milk. Studies in which nutrients other than protein also varied were added in a post‐facto analysis. Data collection and analysis The standard methods of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group were used. Main results Five studies compared low to high protein intakes. Improved weight gain and higher nitrogen accretion was demonstrated in infants receiving formula with higher protein content while other nutrients were kept constant. No significant differences were seen in rates of necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis or diarrhea. One study compared high to very high protein intakes during and after initial hospital stay. Very high protein intakes promoted improved length gain at term but differences did not remain significant at 12 weeks corrected age. Three of the 24 infants receiving very high protein intakes developed uremia. A post‐facto analysis revealed further improvement in all growth parameters in infants receiving formula with higher protein content. There was no significant difference in the concentration of plasma phenylalanine between the high and low protein intake groups. However, one study (Goldman 1969) documented a significantly increased incidence of low IQ scores in infants of birth weight less than 1300 grams who received a very high protein intake (6 to 7.2 g/kg). Authors' conclusions Higher protein intake (≥ 3.0 g/kg/day but < 4.0 g/kg/day) from formula accelerates weight gain. However, there is limited information regarding the impact of higher formula protein intake on long‐term outcomes such as neurodevelopmental abnormalities. The available evidence is not adequate to make specific recommendations regarding the provision of very high protein intake (> 4.0 g/kg/day) from formula in the initial hospital stay or after discharge." @default.
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- W4252017293 date "2006-01-25" @default.
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- W4252017293 title "Higher versus lower protein intake in formula-fed low birth weight infants" @default.
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