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• W4252143989 abstract "PreviousNext No Access9th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society & EXPOGEF, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, 11-14 September 2005Elements of Electromagnetic Theory for GPR ApplicationsAuthors: J. M. Carcione*M. A. B. BotelhoJ. M. Carcione*Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Trieste, Italy;Search for more papers by this author and M. A. B. BotelhoUniversidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.1190/sbgf2005-115 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Abstract We develop some aspects of the electromagnetic theory regarding the application of the ground-penetrating radar (GPR), namely, a model for the composite dielectric constant, the amplitude variations with offset (AVO), the concept of exploding reflector and Backus averaging to obtain the properties of finely-layered media. The electromagnetic properties are obtained by using a generalization of the Hanai-Bruggeman (HB) equation. The HB exponent (1/3 for spherical particles) is used as a fitting parameter for a sand-clay mixture saturated with water. We obtain the Fresnel reflection coefficients for different interfaces in subsoils saturated with air, fresh water, seawater and NAPL. The curves can be used to interpret the AVO of reflection events in the radargrams. The common feature is that the TM mode (parallel polarization) has a negative anomaly and the TE mode (perpendicular polarization) has a positive anomaly. Pseudo Brewster's angles appear beyond 40 degrees for the air/NAPL and NAPL/water interfaces and at near offsets (below 40 degrees) for the water/NAPL interface. Pseudo-critical angles are present for the water/NAPL interface. Besides the reflection strength, the phase angle can be used to discriminate between low- and high-conductivity NAPL when the properties of the upper medium are known. The simulation of a stacked radargram requires the calculation of a set of common-source experiments and application of the standard processing sequence. To reduce the computing time, a zero-offset stacked section can be obtained with a single simulation by using the exploding-reflector concept and the non-reflecting wave equation. This non-physical modification of the wave equation implies a constant impedance model to avoid multiple reflections, which are, in principle, absent from stacked sections and constitute unwanted artifacts in migration processes. The magnetic permeability is used as a free parameter to obtain a constant impedance model. The source strength is proportional to the normal-incidence reflection coefficient. The method generates normal-incidence reflections, i.e., those having identical downgoing and upgoing wave paths. Exploding-reflector experiments provide correct traveltimes of diffractions and reflections events, in contrast to the plane-wave method. Finally, the permittivity, conductivity and wave properties of a finely-layered medium are obtained in the long-wavelength approximation. Keywords: GPR, offset, electromagneticPermalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/sbgf2005-115FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 9th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society & EXPOGEF, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, 11-14 September 2005ISSN (online):2159-6832Copyright: 2005 Pages: 2274 publication data© 2005 Published in electronic format with permission by the Brazilian Geophysical SocietyPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 14 Sep 2005 CITATION INFORMATION J. M. Carcione* and M. A. B. Botelho, (2005), Elements of Electromagnetic Theory for GPR Applications, SEG Global Meeting Abstracts : 555-559. https://doi.org/10.1190/sbgf2005-115 Plain-Language Summary KeywordsGPRoffsetelectromagneticPDF DownloadLoading ..." @default.
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• W4252143989 title "Elements of Electromagnetic Theory for GPR Applications" @default.
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