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- W4253022969 abstract "Infectious diarrhoea remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Viruses, bacteria and protozoa are responsible for most infections, which are most commonly transmitted by the faecal–oral route through water, food and person-to-person transmission. Clinical presentation of infectious diarrhoea conforms to three patterns: acute watery diarrhoea; bloody diarrhoea (dysentery); and persistent diarrhoea, which can include steatorrhoea. Diagnosis still rests heavily on stool microscopy and culture, although faecal antigen tests and molecular assays are increasingly used. Oral rehydration therapy continues to be the most important supportive intervention, particularly in acute watery diarrhoea, in which death from dehydration and acidosis can be prevented in the vast majority of cases. There have been some important advances in the development of new approaches to antibiotic therapy. The non-absorbable antibiotic rifaximin is highly effective in the treatment of travellers' diarrhoea and has fewer adverse effects than systemically absorbed antibiotics. The broad-spectrum antimicrobial nitazoxanide is often effective in the treatment of cryptosporidiosis but is also effective in giardiasis, amoebiasis and Clostridium difficile infection. Recent meta-analyses suggest that promicrobial therapies, including faecal microbial transplantation, have a place in the prophylaxis and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, especially C. difficile infection, and acute diarrhoea in children." @default.
- W4253022969 created "2022-05-12" @default.
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- W4253022969 date "2019-06-01" @default.
- W4253022969 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W4253022969 title "Infectious diarrhoea" @default.
- W4253022969 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2019.03.004" @default.
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