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- W4253105277 abstract "Phospholipases hydrolyze the ester bonds of membrane structural phospholipids and are classified into PLA1 and PLA2 groups, which remove fatty acids from the sn-1 or sn-2 position of the substrate, respectively (acyl hydrolases, EC 3.1.1) and into the phosphodiesterases (EC 3.1.4) PLC (it removes the sn-3 phosphobase) and PLD, which removes the base attached to sn-3 phosphate group, producing phosphatidic acid. Phospholipases are mostly soluble proteins acting in lipid–water interfaces and are crucial for cellular homeostasis. They are present in mammalian, plant and bacterial cells, serving the regulation of environmental signals and membrane remodeling. PLA2 is the most varied group, while PLD is mainly a plant enzyme. Bacterial phospholipases have the additional role of extracellular nutrition and host penetration. The different phospholipase classes have applications in food processing as biocatalysts in clean technologies and, also, for improvement of food quality. Main uses are the degumming of vegetable oils (they convert phospholipids to hydrated gums which can easily be separated) and as emulsifying and stabilizing agents in bakery and dairy industry. Furthermore, human diet is often supplemented with phospholipases, as they produce lysophospholipids which facilitate nutrient absorption." @default.
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- W4253105277 date "2019-01-01" @default.
- W4253105277 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
- W4253105277 title "Phospholipases" @default.
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- W4253105277 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-100596-5.21651-x" @default.
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