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- W4280522047 abstract "Abstract Background Recent studies showed a connection between pyrodiversity and biodiversity in the western US, but few examined bird response to fire severity in eastern hardwood forests. We measured forest structure and conducted avian point counts for five years (2016–2021; Y1-Y5) in three burned and three unburned watersheds following mixed-severity wildfires to compare breeding bird communities across a fire-severity gradient (no burn (NB), low (L), low-moderate (LM), moderate (M), moderate-high (MH), and high (H)) in the southern Appalachian region. Results The percentage of wildfire-killed trees increased with fire-severity category (FSC) and over time; by Y5, 74% (48% BA) were dead in H compared to 11% (3% BA) in L. Post-wildfire shrub recovery was rapid, especially in H and MH where cover exceeded all other FSCs by Y5. Total bird abundance and species richness increased with increasing fire severity (no change in NB and L) and exceeded all other FSCs in H and MH by Y5. Most (12 of 18 tested) species were unaffected by wildfire severity. Disturbance-dependent chestnut-sided warbler ( Setophaga pensylvanica ), indigo bunting ( Passerina cyanea ), and eastern towhee ( Pipilo erythrophthalmus ) increased in H within 3–4 years; white-breasted nuthatch ( Sitta carolinensis ), hooded warbler ( Setophaga citrina ), and blue-headed vireo ( Vireo solitarius ) increased in some burned FSCs and years. Shrub-nesters were more abundant in H than all other FSCs except MH and increased over time in H, MH and LM. Cavity-nesters were more abundant in H, MH and M than L or NB, but primary cavity-nesters (woodpeckers) alone were not. Conclusions Our results highlight the interrelated roles of fire severity and time in driving breeding bird response in central hardwood forests, illustrated by sharp contrasts in bird responses between L (no effects) and higher-severity (H and MH) burns that promoted disturbance-dependent species, but also a more gradual increase in total bird abundance and species richness in LM and M corresponding with delayed tree mortality and shrub recovery. We suggest that high-severity burns are more important than pyrodiversity per se in promoting bird diversity, as disturbance-dependent species were mainly associated with high-severity burns whereas no species was limited to unburned forests or lower-severity burns (L-M)." @default.
- W4280522047 created "2022-05-22" @default.
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- W4280522047 date "2022-05-10" @default.
- W4280522047 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W4280522047 title "Breeding bird abundance and diversity greatest in high-severity wildfire patches in eastern hardwood forests" @default.
- W4280522047 doi "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1614362/v1" @default.
- W4280522047 hasPublicationYear "2022" @default.
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