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- W4282600993 abstract "Model-scale jet-noise experiments using a dual-stream, axisymmetric confluent nozzle with an area ratio of about 0.62 were conducted. Farfield acoustic measurements acquired with an extraction ratio (the bypass stream’s total pressure divided by the core stream’s total pressure) of unity and above unity are discussed – both in terms of spectral noise characteristics and OASPL directivity. A mixing-length dependence of the farfield noise is measured with both streams unheated and operating at the same pressure ratio – revealing a subtle high-frequency noise reduction with increased mixing length that is more substantial at larger angles from the downstream jet axis. At heated-core, unity-extraction-ratio operating conditions, there is much less sensitivity to mixing length evident. As the extraction ratio is increased at a given core pressure ratio, there is an appreciable noise increase relative to unity-extraction-ratio operating conditions that is more significant when the core flow is unheated. This increase is, of course, expected due to an increase in velocity as the bypass pressure ratio is increased. Emphasis is placed on the mixing length’s role in this increase. When the flows are unheated, this noise increase is greatest at high frequencies with the shortest mixing length but is more uniform in frequency with the longest mixing length. When the core flow is heated, the high-frequency noise increase relative to unity-extraction-ratio operating conditions becomes less significant as the mixing length is increased. Both the heated and unheated operating conditions reflect that the extraction-ratio-associated OASPL increase is biased toward the forward arc with the shortest mixing length, and is more uniformly directed to all measured angles with the longest mixing length. Limited velocity-field measurements acquired at unheated operating conditions using particle image velocimetry are presented, showing that the changing character of the extraction-ratio-associated noise increase between the shortest and longest mixing lengths with the core flow unheated may be due to a failure of the shortest mixing length to mix the core and bypass streams inside the nozzle." @default.
- W4282600993 created "2022-06-14" @default.
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- W4282600993 date "2022-06-13" @default.
- W4282600993 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W4282600993 title "Jet Noise from a Low-Bypass Confluent Nozzle: Mixing Length and Extraction Ratio Effects" @default.
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- W4282600993 doi "https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-2863" @default.
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