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- W4285112315 abstract "It is common practice to distinguish the mature magmatic-hydrothermal systems from the vapor-cored or immature magmatic-hydrothermal systems, based on the chemistry of fumaroles and hot springs. In fact, the first ones are characterized by the absence of highly soluble magmatic gas species in fumarolic fluids and the consequent presence of acid-SO4 waters in mud pools, whereas the second ones are characterized by the presence of SO2, HCl and HF in fumarolic fluids and the consequent occurrence of acid SO4-Cl to acid Cl-SO4 waters in hot springs and crater lakes. This distinction makes sense, in spite of possible complications due to scrubbing of acidic magmatic gas species, but the conceptual models of mature and immature magmatic-hydrothermal systems can be generalized in that both comprise a deeper magmatic sub-system and a shallower hydrothermal sub-system fighting against each other. Actually, Fournier (1999) proposed a general conceptual model of volcano-hosted magmatic-hydrothermal systems with an impermeable self-sealed zone, at temperature close to 400°C, separating an upper section hosting meteoric hydrothermal fluids at hydrostatic pressure, from a lower section storing magmatic, hypersaline brines and gases at lithostatic pressure. Fournier (1999) also recognized that episodically, the self-sealed zone is breached, in response to different processes, and the hypersaline brines and gases are discharged into the overlying hydrothermal domain, determining an increase in the rate of discharge of hydrothermal-magmatic fluids at the surface. Since the Solfatara magmatic-hydrothermal system is experiencing considerable and relatively fast changes during the on-going unrest period and is one of the most studied case histories worldwide, its evolution is of general interest to understand the competition occurring between the magmatic and the hydrothermal sub-systems in several active volcanoes. ■■■" @default.
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- W4285112315 date "2022-01-01" @default.
- W4285112315 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W4285112315 title "A Comparison Between the Solfatara and Other Magmatic-Hydrothermal Systems" @default.
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- W4285112315 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98471-7_11" @default.
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