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- W4285144075 abstract "Endothelial cells (ECs) line the luminal surface of blood and lymphatic vessels, where they serve as a selective barrier between blood and lymphatic circulation and tissue parenchyma throughout the body. In all tissues, ECs support the movement and exchange of oxygen, nutrients, paracrine signals, lymph, and immune cells; however, ECs also serve distinct tissue-specific functions. To accomplish these diverse functions, ECs must acquire heterogeneous phenotypes and unique structural features during organogenesis and maintain these properties in adult organs. Heterogeneity begins early in development when primordial ECs are specified into arterial, venous, capillary, lymphatic, or hemogenic fates. In some large vessels, initial EC fate specification is genetically determined; however, increasing evidence reveals the importance of the immediate microenvironment in this process. Tissue- and vessel-specific environmental factors, such as hemodynamic forces, hypoxia, and metabolic state, coordinately promote a broad range of EC phenotypes throughout the body. Epigenetic regulation and noncoding RNAs also play important roles in establishing and maintaining this phenotypic diversity. In this chapter, we briefly discuss the signaling pathways that regulate EC specification, and highlight the contribution of environmental factors and epigenetic regulation during organogenesis and in adult organs. Elucidating these governing modalities of EC phenotypic diversification will confer a more complete understanding of vascular development and function that will ultimately provide insights needed to improve clinical treatments for vascular disorders." @default.
- W4285144075 created "2022-07-14" @default.
- W4285144075 creator A5025932824 @default.
- W4285144075 creator A5031092812 @default.
- W4285144075 creator A5068001060 @default.
- W4285144075 date "2022-01-01" @default.
- W4285144075 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W4285144075 title "Development of, and environmental impact on, endothelial cell diversity" @default.
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