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• W4285156687 abstract "Considering the fugacity coefficients computed by means of the Peng-Robinson EOS, the geoindicators related to the RWG and SS4 reactions have been calibrated for the saturation expansion path involving a brine containing 21 wt% NaCl or 33.5 wt% NaCl and the linear P-T depressurization path, whereas only the geoindicators related to the RWG reaction have been calibrated for the isenthalpic decompression path. The obtained geothermometers and geobarometers allows one to compute the equilibrium temperature and pressure as a function of the CO2 mole fraction and either the sum of the analytical log ratios α = log (CO/CO2) - log (H2/H2O) for the RWG reaction or the sum of analytical log ratios β = log (CH4/CO2) - 4 · log (H2/H2O) for the SS4 reaction. The RWG geoindicators give low and relatively constant equilibrium temperatures, 215-226°C, and pressures, 16.1-28.2 bar, which are probably representative of the shallow permeable zone where carbon monoxide attains the last equilibrium condition. In contrast, the equilibrium temperatures and total fluid pressures computed by means of the SS4 geoindicators increase significantly with time, namely (i) from 235-267°C, 31-54 bar in 1983–1984 to 576-604°C, 1167-1326 bar in 2020, for Bocca Grande, and up to 605-645°C, 1293-1543 bar in 2020, for Bocca Nuova, assuming saturation with 21 wt% NaCl or (ii) from 222-252°C, 17-29 bar in 1983–1984 to 565-595°C, 1028-1198 bar in 2020, for Bocca Grande, and up to 595-632°C, 1160-1393 bar in 2020 for Bocca Nuova, hypothesizing saturation with 33.5 wt% NaCl. Thus, both the SS4 and RWG reactions equilibrated under the same P-T conditions in 1983-1984, indicating the provenance of fumarolic fluids from a shallow permeable zone, as already noted by Cioni et al. (1984). The increasing differences between the temperatures and pressures calculated by means of the RWG and SS4 geoindicators, in the following years, suggest that fumarolic fluids came from either: (1) progressively deeper zones of the Solfatara magmatic-hydrothermal system, characterized by gradually higher pressures and temperatures, or (2) the same deep permeable zone that underwent a progressive increment in both pressure and temperature with time. ■■■" @default.
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• W4285156687 date "2022-01-01" @default.
• W4285156687 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W4285156687 title "Calibration and Application of the RWG and SS4 Geoindicators for the Possible Expansion Paths of Solfatara Fluids" @default.
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• W4285156687 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98471-7_8" @default.
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