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- W4285245898 abstract "Sex- and gender-specific medicine considers both sex, which refers to biological characteristics related to hormones and genetics, and gender, which refers to sociocultural attitudes, behaviors, and identities. Gender is multidimensional and may include women, men, and non-binary people. Sex and gender interact to influence health outcomes. Thus, sex/gender-specific medicine refers to the medical study of differences between women and men. Women and men frequently present with different symptoms of a particular disease and may respond differently to treatment. These differences can be caused by the effects of sex hormones or genetic predispositions on disease mechanisms (i.e., pathophysiology) and by sociocultural factors related to gender, socioeconomic status, or educational background. To understand the onset, pathway, and mechanisms of disease in both women and men, studies must integrate both sex and gender analysis into the research design and analyze how sex and gender interact. For instance, sex hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone/androgen, influence the function of many organs in the cardiovascular, skeletal, and neuroendocrine systems—not limited to the reproductive organs—and are involved in physiological and pathological processes. Sex hormones may also influence the mechanism, treatment, and prognosis of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, but research on this topic is scarce. Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), such as functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome, are common in the general population and tend to be related to sociocultural factors such as stress, which tends to differ by gender. The lack of research on this topic underscores the need for sex/gender-specific medicine in relation to GI disorders." @default.
- W4285245898 created "2022-07-14" @default.
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- W4285245898 date "2022-01-01" @default.
- W4285245898 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W4285245898 title "Why Is Sex/Gender-Specific Medicine Needed?" @default.
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- W4285245898 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0120-1_1" @default.
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