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• W4285483312 abstract "Reviewed by: Before March Madness: The Wars for the Soul of College Basketball by Kurt Edward Kemper Derrick E. White (bio) Before March Madness: The Wars for the Soul of College Basketball. By Kurt Edward Kemper. (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2020. Pp. xii. 294. $125.00 cloth; $24.95 paper; $14.95 ebook) In 2025 CBS will pay the NCAA more than $1 billion per year to televise the NCAA Men’s College Basketball Tournament. According to Kemper, the NCAA’s path to this lucrative television contract resulted from “the wars of college basketball.” Kemper outlines how administrators and basketball coaches, such as the University of Kansas’s Phog Allen and Kentucky’s Adolph Rupp, propelled the NCAA Tournament as the commanding force in college basketball over the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU), and NIT and the NAIA Tournaments. As Kemper argues, “The culmination of basketball’s civil wars created big-time college basketball, which gave the big-time schools one more reason to look to the NCAA to protect their franchise” (p. 7). Kemper uses the institutional records of the NCAA and the NAIA to chart the NCAA’s ascendency from the 1920s through the late 1950s when the NCAA Men’s Basketball Tournament became the signature college event. Although the narrative begins by examining the dispute with the AAU over the rules and control of the game, the heart of Before March Madness centers on the conflict between big-time basketball programs, often public land-grant state colleges, and [End Page 205] small, private liberal arts colleges. Representatives from these vastly different institutions disagreed on the growing commercialism in college athletics. The crux of this disagreement emerges with the creation of the National Association of Intercollegiate Basketball (later Athletics) in 1940. Frustrated by the commercialization of college basketball and the lack of opportunities for small schools to participate in the tournament, small colleges began a basketball tournament in Kansas City. Kemper describes how the NAIA Tournament lured small colleges to its ranks by emphasizing opportunity over profits. Kemper is at his best when he demonstrates the NAIA’s evolving rejection of racial segregation. The NAIA tournament moved from allowing desegregated teams, beginning with John Wooden’s 1948 Indiana State team, to providing opportunities for Historically Black Colleges to participate starting in 1953. In describing the NAIA’s progressive, but not perfect, approach to desegregating its basketball tournament, Kemper shows the NAIA’s commitment to opportunity instead of the NCAA’s regressive racial policies. Kemper concludes by describing how the NCAA, under Walter Byers’s leadership, beat back the challenge from the NAIA by creating a small college tournament (now the Division II championship) in 1957. Kemper explains that small liberal arts colleges “overwhelmingly . . . chose the prestige and status of the NCAA” over the NAIA (p. 205). Before March Madness is an essential text for scholars interested in college sports history, and it serves as the perfect complement to Ronald A. Smith’s Pay for Play: A History of Big-Time College Athletic Reform (2011). Kemper has written a tremendously crucial institutional history of college basketball, which ties the sport’s AAU past with its billion-dollar present. [End Page 206] Derrick E. White DERRICK E. WHITE teaches history and African American & Africana studies at the University of Kentucky. He is the author of Blood, Sweat, & Tears: Jake Gaither, Florida A&M, and the History of Black College Football (2019). Copyright © 2021 Kentucky Historical Society" @default.
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• W4285483312 date "2021-03-01" @default.
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• W4285483312 title "Before March Madness: The Wars for the Soul of College Basketball by Kurt Edward Kemper" @default.
• W4285483312 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/khs.2021.0033" @default.
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