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- W4286587777 endingPage "3575" @default.
- W4286587777 startingPage "3575" @default.
- W4286587777 abstract "Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), antagonists used to remove tumor suppression of immune cells, have been widely used in clinical settings. Their high antitumor effect makes them crucial for treating cancer after surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. However, with the advent of ICIs and their use by a large number of patients, more clinical data have gradually shown that some cancer patients still have resistance to ICI treatment, which makes some patients unable to benefit from their antitumor effect. Therefore, it is vital to understand their antitumor and drug resistance mechanisms. In this review, we focused on the antitumor action sites and mechanisms of different types of ICIs. We then listed the main possible mechanisms of ICI resistance based on recent studies. Finally, we proposed current and future solutions for the resistance of ICIs, providing theoretical support for improving their clinical antitumor effect." @default.
- W4286587777 created "2022-07-22" @default.
- W4286587777 creator A5005417946 @default.
- W4286587777 creator A5058235044 @default.
- W4286587777 creator A5059605550 @default.
- W4286587777 creator A5071381263 @default.
- W4286587777 creator A5088264248 @default.
- W4286587777 date "2022-07-22" @default.
- W4286587777 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
- W4286587777 title "Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy—How to Overcome Drug Resistance?" @default.
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