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- W4293079568 abstract "In this study, spearmint plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi were sprayed with 0.66 and 1.05 mg (“low” and “high”) of elemental Cu per pot from Cu(OH)2 nanowires, bulk Cu(OH)2 (Kocide 3000), or ionic CuSO4. After a 50-day growth period spearment plants were harvested for argonomical, biochemical, and elemental analysis. Accumulation of Cu was highest in the roots (149.40–427.03 mg kg–1). In general, Cu-based nanoparticles (NPs)/compounds were toxic, inhibiting plant growth and element accumulation. The root biomass and length were reduced by up to 8.38 g and 11.80 cm or 59.92 and 48.15%, respectively. A majority of alterations in element accumulation occurred in the leaves, with significant decreases in Mg (≤10.47 mg kg–1 or 22.59%), Mn (≤0.77 mg kg–1 or 39.77%), and Zn (≤0.20 mg kg–1 or 37.03%), from the respective controls. Mycorrhization alleviated Cu toxicity, most notably in the roots, where interactive effects were observed under application of AM fungi and Cu-based NPs/compounds for root biomass and length. An interactive effect found between the absence of AM fungi and presence of Cu-based NPs/compounds resulted in an influx of leaf Na content (0.70–1.13 mg kg–1, or 219.74–355.07%, increase from the corresponding control), which can be seen as an indicator of Cu-induced stress. Overall, bulk Cu-based compounds had the greatest impact over nano or ionic Cu-based compounds, with interactive effects in root accumulation of Cu (decrease by AM fungi + bulk Cu) and leaf accumulation of Mg and Mn (decrease by AM fungi + bulk Cu). Our research confirms that (1) Cu-based NPs/compounds can be phytotoxic to spearmint plants and (2) inoculation with AM fungi can alleviate Cu toxicity to spearmint. This study demonstrates that plant–microbe interactions could improve crop productivity and provide environmental benefits, emphasizing the need for risk assessment of crop systems incorporating symbiotic microorganisms." @default.
- W4293079568 created "2022-08-26" @default.
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- W4293079568 date "2022-06-09" @default.
- W4293079568 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W4293079568 title "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Alleviate Phytotoxic Effects of Copper-Based Nanoparticles/Compounds in Spearmint (<i>Mentha spicata</i>)" @default.
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- W4293079568 doi "https://doi.org/10.1021/acsagscitech.2c00079" @default.
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