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• W4293244811 abstract "Evidence is accumulating that changes in DNA in mammalian cells may eventually be related to cell lethality, as changes in DNA have to be related to lethality in bacteria. Studies on the mechanism by which irradiation effects DNA synthesis provides one method for ascertaining how changes in DNA of mammalian cells occur. The increased understanding of the effects of radiation on synthesizing and nonsynthesizing DNA in mammalian cells and its relationship to cell lethality offers one of the more promising areas with regard to our understanding of the biologic actions of radiation. DNA synthesis was reduced approximately one-third of control values in the first part of the 8-hour period of replication and two-thirds of control values in the latter part. Depression by radiation may be related to (a) reduced phosphorylation of thymidine, (b) the enzymes involved, (c) changes in the DNA synthetic rate in individual chromosomes, (d) changes in morphologic structure of chromosomes and DNA. The finding that small doses of radiation can produce changes in DNA synthesis equivalent to those from large doses of radiation is of considerable importance concerning its relationship to recovery and eventual cell lethality. The duration of radiation appears to be the major factor in the depression of DNA synthesis. Variation of total doses from 94 r to 1500 r showed that total dose of radiation was of secondary importance in depressing DNA synthesis. These results demonstrate that previous assumptions that DNA synthesis is radioresistant needs modification. The studies on the dependence of DNA synthesis on radiation dose rate have shown that the most marked changes on DNA synthesis can occur at doses comparable to the D37 dose for cell lethality in mammalian cells (≅ 100 r). The parallel relationship between the depression of the percentage of labeled cells (cell lethality) and DNA depression seen in the studies with the variation in total dose with a constant dose rate is of particular importance in regard to our understanding of the effects on mammalian cells. The parallel depression of DNA synthesis and labeled cells does not necessarily indicate that the two events are related. The results suggest, however, that a similar radiation-induced mechanism is involved in DNA depression and cell death. The areas of research presented in this report are a few of the many areas under investigation in a number of laboratories. A greater understanding of the effects of radiation on mammalian cells offers one of the more promising means for eventually devising more effective methods for the treatment of neoplastic diseases with radiation." @default.
• W4293244811 created "2022-08-27" @default.
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• W4293244811 date "1965-08-01" @default.
• W4293244811 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W4293244811 title "THE EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON MAMMALIAN CELLS" @default.
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• W4293244811 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0033-8389(22)00783-7" @default.
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