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- W429543291 abstract "Development planners should be aware of womens roles and issues. Womens role in the labor force affect both the short-range and the long-range demand for children. Labor market conditions either augment or generate tension between womens roles in reproduction and child rearing and in participation in the formal labor market. Family planning programs are a necessary adjunct to development projects that encourage womens labor force participation and reduction in the demand for children. The market value of a womans time affects the opportunity costs of children. Public development projects could be used to expand womens labor force options; one way for this to occur might be the investment in roads and transportation systems. Public education programs for women increase the value of womens time through higher earning potential or by changing preferences for work versus childbearing. The value of womens time could be enhanced by development projects that bring new industry and jobs to an area and that bring agricultural investments. Economic conditions of high male unemployment may be an obstacle to improving womens opportunities. A womans perceived opportunity costs of children are conceptualized as determined by the production function of children which is affected by the womans normative standards for time and money inputs into child rearing. Womens normative standards are affected by the familys normative child rearing standards and the communitys child rearing standards. The normative and legal institutional environment affects the communitys child rearing standards. Government social policy is a driving force affecting the institutional environment. A detailed scheme shows how economic infrastructure direct government investment agricultural policy population and migration policy education programs public health and medical programs and infrastructure investment all indirectly affect the labor market and womens education and skills which affect the value of parental time which in turn impact on the perceived opportunity cost of children. The study provides a literature review of the inverse association between womens work and fertility in Asia and the Near East an operational explanation of how development affects women and a framework for understanding the impact of development policy on fertility." @default.
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- W429543291 date "1991-01-01" @default.
- W429543291 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W429543291 title "Women's income, fertility and development policy" @default.
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