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- W4297788792 abstract "Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality, and their prevalence is estimated at nearly 37% in the United States. Elevated blood glucose, elevated triglycerides, high blood pressure, and low levels of high-density lipoprotein, result in increased levels of inflammation and pathogenesis of various CVDs such as atherosclerosis and hypertension. Dietary γ-glutamyl valine (γ-EV), naturally found in dry beans, has exhibited beneficial biological activities to reduce chronic inflammation. The intervention of γ-EV was found to reduce the inflammatory responses in vascular endothelial cells via the activation of vascular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). Human tumor necrosis factor-ɑ (TNF-ɑ) was used to induce inflammation in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) pre-treated with γ-EV at 0.01mM, 0.1mM, and 1mM for 2 h. TNF-ɑ treatment significantly increased the expression of inflammatory adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, E-Selectin), chemokine (MCP-1), and cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8). However, the expression of these biomarkers was significantly downregulated by 1 mM γ-EV pretreatment. Furthermore, γ-EV was found to transport across the intestinal monolayer via the PepT1 transporter and paracellular pathways, with the apparent permeability (Papp) of 1.56×10–6 cm/s. The efficacy of γ-EV in reducing vascular inflammation was further evaluated in vivo, in an atherosclerotic mouse model, ApoE-/-. High-fat diet (HFD: 40 kcal% fat, 1.25% cholesterol) fed ApoE-/- mice significantly showed a reduction in the expression of inflammatory biomarkers such as VCAM-1, ICAM-1, LOX-1, MCP-1 and improved the pathological characteristics of the atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta with the γ-EV intervention (150 mg/kg BW) as compared to the mice which didn’t receive γ-EV. In addition, the FoxP3+ and CD25+ splenic T-reg cells were significantly decreased in the γ-EV-treated group. Thus, the present study highlights the potential use of γ-glutamyl peptides, as a functional food ingredient for the prevention and management of CVDs." @default.
- W4297788792 created "2022-10-01" @default.
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- W4297788792 date "2022-09-29" @default.
- W4297788792 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W4297788792 title "Dietary γ-glutamyl Valine in Reducing Inflammation in Endothelial Cells and in a Mouse Model for Atherosclerosis" @default.
- W4297788792 doi "https://doi.org/10.21748/mree8379" @default.
- W4297788792 hasPublicationYear "2022" @default.
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