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- W4298192678 abstract "Abstract Methanogenesis in the rumen is one way of disposing of reducing equivalents and facilitating the oxidation of energy substrates. Direct inhibition of methanogenic bacteria often depresses overall ruminal fermentation and fibre digestion. When low-fibre diets are fed, ruminal methanogenesis generally decreases. Yet, it is desirable to utilize fibre maximally for improved ruminant production. Addition of polyether ionophores, such as monensin, to feed reduces methanogenesis, but ionophores also depress fibre digestion and protozoal growth. The beneficial effects of ionophores are of short duration. Thus, careful use of these ionophores is recommended. Fatty acids, especially unsaturated fatty acids, reduce methanogenesis, but also depress fibre digestion and protozoal growth. Therefore, limited amounts of fats and oils should be used as feed additives. It is more desirable to reduce methanogenesis by decreasing the substrates for methanogenesis, mainly H 2 . Theoretically, ruminal H 2 can be decreased by decreasing H 2 production or increasing H 2 utilization by way of increasing electron-accepting reactions in the rumen. The fermentation pathways leading to propionate production include electron-accepting reactions. Hence, it follows that the augmentation of propionate production results in a decrease in H 2 . In fact, addition of fumarate to cattle feed increased ruminal propionate production and decreased methanogenesis. Propionate production could also be augmented by altering the fermentation pathway in specific bacteria. Another important electron-accepting reaction is nitrate reduction to ammonia. In this series of reactions, nitrite reduction is the limiting step. Therefore, stimulation of nitrite reduction is one potential avenue for directing reducing equivalents away from methanogenesis. Reductive acetogenesis also involves H 2 -utilizing reactions, but acetogenic bacteria are present in lower numbers in the rumen and have a lower affinity for H 2 than methanogenic bacteria. Further research into methods for reducing methane production efficiently is needed, in view of the problems involved. A combination of various methods may be the approach to suppress methanogenesis with the least adverse effect. Control of bacterial fermentation and metabolism, as well as the use of specific bacteria as probiotics, will be important goals in future research." @default.
- W4298192678 created "2022-10-01" @default.
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- W4298192678 date "2003-01-01" @default.
- W4298192678 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W4298192678 title "Suppression of ruminal methanogenesis by decreasing the substrates available to methanogenic bacteria." @default.
- W4298192678 doi "https://doi.org/10.1079/cabireviews20033023935" @default.
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