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- W4301586543 abstract "Cephalopods are ancient mollusks that can be found in many different ecological niches in the ocean ranging from the intertidal zone to the deep-sea abyss. In order to adapt to a lifestyle in various habitats, cephalopods have evolved a variety of locomotory modes to accommodate their respective habitats. Most cephalopods have relatively high metabolic rates due to their less efficient swimming mode by jet propulsion. This lifestyle is characterized by a high level of energy expenditure, fueled exclusively by protein diets that are rapidly digested and may produce metabolic nitrogenous waste NH 3 / <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im1><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>NH</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo> </mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> accumulation and acid-base disturbances. This study observed that the <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im2><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>NH</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo> </mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> transport rate in pelagic bigfin reef squid (Sepioteuthis lessoniana) is two times faster than benthic common octopus ( Octopus vulgaris ). Inhibition of Na + /H + exchangers (NHEs) showed significant disruption of <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im3><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>NH</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo> </mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> and H + excretory processes in gills of octopus but not in squid. However, inhibition of vacuolar-type H + -ATPase (VHA) significantly disrupts <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im4><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>NH</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo> </mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> and H + transport rates in gills of both animals. Accordingly, for <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im5><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>NH</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo> </mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> and H + homeostasis, benthic octopus with lower aerobic respiration rates utilize both active and Na + -driven secondary transport machinery. In order to avoid <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im6><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>NH</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo> </mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> accumulated in the blood, pelagic squids with higher aerobic respiration rates prefer active <mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML display=inline id=im7><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>NH</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo> </mml:mo></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> and H + transport mechanisms that consume ATP intensively." @default.
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- W4301586543 date "2022-10-05" @default.
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- W4301586543 title "Metabolic trade-offs associated with homeostatic adjustments in pelagic and benthic cephalopods: Comparative evaluations of NH4+/H+ transport machinery in gills" @default.
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- W4301586543 doi "https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.971764" @default.
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