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• W4304080704 abstract "SESSION TITLE: Chest Infections and Disorders of the Pleura Abstract PostersSESSION TYPE: Original Investigation PostersPRESENTED ON: 10/18/2022 01:30 pm - 02:30 pmPURPOSE: Early-life respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is leading cause of respiratory illness and hospitalization in infants and is associated with increased childhood asthma later in life, characterized by airway epithelial damage, goblet cell hypertrophy, mucus hypersecretion, and Th2 and Th17 cytokine production. Previous studies have suggested that the respiratory and gut microbial composition might be associated with disease severity. However, little is known about how the lung and gut microbiome following early-life RSV infection impact the development of RSV-immunopathology and pathophysiology. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of the lung and gut microbiome during early-life RSV infection using a mouse model.METHODS: Neonate mice (Balb/c) were infected intranasally with RSV A2 strain with recombinant Line19 fusion protein (A2/L19-F) at 6 to 7 days of age. Lung and cecal samples were harvested at 8 and 28 days post-RSV infection for microbiome analysis. The V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene was amplified, and sequencing was performed using an Illumina MiSeq platform. Expressions of mucus-associated genes were measured by quantitative (qPCR). Pulmonary function test (PFT) was also performed at 28 days post-RSV infection to evaluate the RSV-pathophysiology.RESULTS: Principal component analysis (PCA) plot of the lung samples at 8 days post infection with permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) showed significant differences in microbial composition between RSV-infected group and CTL (non-infected) group, which is characterized by an increase in Streptococcus and Staphylococcus. As for the cecal samples, PCA plot and beta diversity (overall microbial composition) at 28 days post infection elucidated that RSV group had significantly different microbial composition as compared to CTL group, while there was no significant difference at 8 days post infection. Neonatally RSV-infected mice had increased expression of mucus-associated gene, Gob5, compared to non-infected mice at 28 days post infection. PFT parameters such as inspiratory capacity, vital capacity, and lung compliance at 28 days post infection were significantly deteriorated in RSV group as compared to CTL group.CONCLUSIONS: Altered lung microbiome following early-life RSV infection might affect subsequent airway remodeling as well as changes in gut microbiome composition.CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: To elucidate the dynamics of the lung and gut microbiome following early life RSV infection and how these alterations impact the immune or functional responses may help to generate new treatment options such as probiotics or metabolites.DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Nobuhiro AsaiNo relevant relationships by Alexander EthridgeNo relevant relationships by Nicole FalkowskiNo relevant relationships by Wendy FonsecaNo relevant relationships by Gary HuffnagleNo relevant relationships Added 03/31/2022 by Nicholas Lukacs, value=ConsultingRemoved 03/31/2022 by Nicholas LukacsNo relevant relationships by Carrie-Anne MalinczakNo relevant relationships by Susan MorrisNo relevant relationships by Andrew RaskyNo relevant relationships by Kazuma Yagi SESSION TITLE: Chest Infections and Disorders of the Pleura Abstract Posters SESSION TYPE: Original Investigation Posters PRESENTED ON: 10/18/2022 01:30 pm - 02:30 pm PURPOSE: Early-life respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is leading cause of respiratory illness and hospitalization in infants and is associated with increased childhood asthma later in life, characterized by airway epithelial damage, goblet cell hypertrophy, mucus hypersecretion, and Th2 and Th17 cytokine production. Previous studies have suggested that the respiratory and gut microbial composition might be associated with disease severity. However, little is known about how the lung and gut microbiome following early-life RSV infection impact the development of RSV-immunopathology and pathophysiology. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of the lung and gut microbiome during early-life RSV infection using a mouse model. METHODS: Neonate mice (Balb/c) were infected intranasally with RSV A2 strain with recombinant Line19 fusion protein (A2/L19-F) at 6 to 7 days of age. Lung and cecal samples were harvested at 8 and 28 days post-RSV infection for microbiome analysis. The V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene was amplified, and sequencing was performed using an Illumina MiSeq platform. Expressions of mucus-associated genes were measured by quantitative (qPCR). Pulmonary function test (PFT) was also performed at 28 days post-RSV infection to evaluate the RSV-pathophysiology. RESULTS: Principal component analysis (PCA) plot of the lung samples at 8 days post infection with permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) showed significant differences in microbial composition between RSV-infected group and CTL (non-infected) group, which is characterized by an increase in Streptococcus and Staphylococcus. As for the cecal samples, PCA plot and beta diversity (overall microbial composition) at 28 days post infection elucidated that RSV group had significantly different microbial composition as compared to CTL group, while there was no significant difference at 8 days post infection. Neonatally RSV-infected mice had increased expression of mucus-associated gene, Gob5, compared to non-infected mice at 28 days post infection. PFT parameters such as inspiratory capacity, vital capacity, and lung compliance at 28 days post infection were significantly deteriorated in RSV group as compared to CTL group. CONCLUSIONS: Altered lung microbiome following early-life RSV infection might affect subsequent airway remodeling as well as changes in gut microbiome composition. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: To elucidate the dynamics of the lung and gut microbiome following early life RSV infection and how these alterations impact the immune or functional responses may help to generate new treatment options such as probiotics or metabolites. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Nobuhiro Asai No relevant relationships by Alexander Ethridge No relevant relationships by Nicole Falkowski No relevant relationships by Wendy Fonseca No relevant relationships by Gary Huffnagle No relevant relationships Added 03/31/2022 by Nicholas Lukacs, value=Consulting Removed 03/31/2022 by Nicholas Lukacs No relevant relationships by Carrie-Anne Malinczak No relevant relationships by Susan Morris No relevant relationships by Andrew Rasky No relevant relationships by Kazuma Yagi" @default.
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• W4304080704 date "2022-10-01" @default.
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• W4304080704 title "LUNG AND GUT MICROBIOME DURING EARLY-LIFE RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS INFECTION" @default.
• W4304080704 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2022.08.319" @default.
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