FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W4306722651> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W4306722651 abstract "“Wealthy nations must step up support for Africa and vulnerable countries in addressing past, present and future impacts of climate change”. The 2022 report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) paints a dark picture of the future of life on earth, characterised by ecosystem collapse, species extinction, and climate hazards such as heatwaves and floods (IPCC, 2022). These are all linked to physical and mental health problems, with direct and indirect consequences of increased morbidity and mortality. To avoid these catastrophic health effects across all regions of the globe, there is broad agreement—as 231 health journals argued together in 2021—that the rise in global temperature must be limited to less than 1.5°C compared with pre-industrial levels. While the Paris Agreement of 2015 outlines a global action framework that incorporates providing climate finance to developing countries, this support has yet to materialise (UN, 2022). COP27 is the fifth Conference of the Parties (COP) to be organised in Africa since its inception in 1995. Ahead of this meeting, we—as health journal editors from across the continent—call for urgent action to ensure it is the COP that finally delivers climate justice for Africa and vulnerable countries. This is essential not just for the health of those countries, but for the health of the whole world. The climate crisis has had an impact on the environmental and social determinants of health across Africa, leading to devastating health effects (2020). Impacts on health can result directly from environmental shocks and indirectly through socially mediated effects (WHO, 2016). Climate change-related risks in Africa include flooding, drought, heatwaves, reduced food production and reduced labour productivity (Trisos et al., 2022). Droughts in sub-Saharan Africa have tripled between 1970–1979 and 2010–2019 (2021). In 2018, devastating cyclones impacted three million people in Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe (2021). In west and central Africa, severe flooding resulted in mortality and forced migration from loss of shelter, cultivated land and livestock (Opoku et al., 2021). Changes in vector ecology brought about by floods and damage to environmental hygiene have led to increases in diseases across sub-Saharan Africa, with rises in malaria, dengue fever, Lassa fever, Rift Valley fever, Lyme disease, Ebola virus, West Nile virus and other infections (Evans & Munslow, 2021; Stawicki et al., 2021). Rising sea levels reduce water quality, leading to water-borne diseases, including diarrhoeal diseases, a leading cause of mortality in Africa (Evans & Munslow, 2021). Extreme weather damages water and food supply, increasing food insecurity and malnutrition, which causes 1.7 million deaths annually in Africa (2013). According to the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, malnutrition has increased by almost 50% since 2012, owing to the central role agriculture plays in African economies (2020). Environmental shocks and their knock-on effects also cause severe harm to mental health (Atwoli et al., 2022). In all, it is estimated that the climate crisis has destroyed a fifth of the gross domestic product (GDP) of the countries most vulnerable to climate shocks (2020). The damage to Africa should be of supreme concern to all nations. This is partly for moral reasons. It is highly unjust that the most impacted nations have contributed the least to global cumulative emissions, which are driving the climate crisis and its increasingly severe effects. North America and Europe have contributed 62% of carbon dioxide emissions since the Industrial Revolution, whereas Africa has contributed only 3% (Ritchie, n.d.). Yet it is not just for moral reasons that all nations should be concerned for Africa. The acute and chronic impacts of the climate crisis create problems like poverty, infectious disease, forced migration and conflict that spread through globalised systems (2021; Bilotta & Botti, 2022). These knock-on impacts affect all nations. COVID-19 served as a wake-up call to these global dynamics, and it is no coincidence that health professionals have been active in identifying and responding to the consequences of growing systemic risks to health. But the lessons of the COVID-19 pandemic should not be limited to pandemic risk (WHO, 2021; Al-Mandhari et al., 2022). Instead, it is imperative that the suffering of frontline nations, including those in Africa, be the core consideration at COP27: in an interconnected world, leaving countries to the mercy of environmental shocks creates instability that has severe consequences for all nations. The primary focus of climate summits remains to rapidly reduce emissions so that global temperature rises are kept to below 1.5°C. This will limit the harm. But, for Africa and other vulnerable regions, this harm is already severe. Achieving the promised target of providing $100bn of climate finance a year is now globally critical if we are to forestall the systemic risks of leaving societies in crisis. This can be done by ensuring these resources focus on increasing resilience to the existing and inevitable future impacts of the climate crisis, as well as on supporting vulnerable nations to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions: a parity of esteem between adaptation and mitigation. These resources should come through grants not loans, and be urgently scaled up before the current review period of 2025. They must put health system resilience at the forefront, as the compounding crises caused by the climate crisis often manifest in acute health problems. Financing adaptation will be more cost-effective than relying on disaster relief. Some progress has been made on adaptation in Africa and around the world, including early warning systems and infrastructure to defend against extremes. But frontline nations are not compensated for impacts from a crisis they did not cause. This is not only unfair, but also drives the spiral of global destabilisation, as nations pour money into responding to disasters, but can no longer afford to pay for greater resilience or to reduce the root problem through emissions reductions. A financing facility for loss and damage must now be introduced, providing additional resources beyond those given for mitigation and adaptation. This must go beyond the failures of COP26 where the suggestion of such a facility was downgraded to ‘a dialogue’ (Evans et al., 2021). The climate crisis is a product of global inaction and comes at great cost not only to disproportionately impacted African countries, but to the whole world. Africa is united with other frontline regions in urging wealthy nations to finally step up, if for no other reason than that the crises in Africa will sooner rather than later spread and engulf all corners of the globe, by which time it may be too late to effectively respond. If so far they have failed to be persuaded by moral arguments, then hopefully their self-interest will now prevail. In the interest of transparency the authors wish to declare the following roles and relationships: James Kigera is the Ex-Officio, President and Secretary of the Kenya Orthopedic Association; Paul Yonga been paid to speak or participate at events by Novartis, bioMerieux and Pfizer; Chris Zielinski is a paid consultant for the UK Health Alliance on Climate Change; Joy Muhia is an unpaid board member of the International Working Group for Health systems strengthening; David Ofori-Adjei has a relationship with GLICO Healthcare Ltd. The authors declare no further conflicts of interest beyond those inherent in the editorial roles listed above." @default.
• W4306722651 created "2022-10-19" @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5004417082 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5009597760 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5010749696 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5013411579 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5014296043 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5016655704 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5024589242 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5027706164 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5030485979 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5038916131 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5041709658 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5057811024 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5058316186 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5058878381 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5063247488 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5066463692 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5070939594 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5071154544 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5081351619 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5085945564 @default.
• W4306722651 creator A5087462039 @default.
• W4306722651 date "2022-10-18" @default.
• W4306722651 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W4306722651 title "<scp>COP27</scp> Climate Change Conference: Urgent action needed for Africa and the world" @default.
• W4306722651 cites W3158589092 @default.
• W4306722651 cites W3213942183 @default.
• W4306722651 cites W4280610259 @default.
• W4306722651 cites W4283027359 @default.
• W4306722651 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/opn.12504" @default.
• W4306722651 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36257625" @default.
• W4306722651 hasPublicationYear "2022" @default.
• W4306722651 type Work @default.
• W4306722651 citedByCount "0" @default.
• W4306722651 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5004417082 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5009597760 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5010749696 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5013411579 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5014296043 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5016655704 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5024589242 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5027706164 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5030485979 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5038916131 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5041709658 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5057811024 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5058316186 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5058878381 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5063247488 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5066463692 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5070939594 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5071154544 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5081351619 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5085945564 @default.
• W4306722651 hasAuthorship W4306722651A5087462039 @default.
• W4306722651 hasBestOaLocation W43067226511 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConcept C121332964 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConcept C132651083 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConcept C18903297 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConcept C2780791683 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConcept C62520636 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConcept C71924100 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConcept C86803240 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConceptScore W4306722651C121332964 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConceptScore W4306722651C132651083 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConceptScore W4306722651C17744445 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConceptScore W4306722651C18903297 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConceptScore W4306722651C2780791683 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConceptScore W4306722651C62520636 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConceptScore W4306722651C71924100 @default.
• W4306722651 hasConceptScore W4306722651C86803240 @default.
• W4306722651 hasIssue "6" @default.
• W4306722651 hasLocation W43067226511 @default.
• W4306722651 hasLocation W43067226512 @default.
• W4306722651 hasOpenAccess W4306722651 @default.
• W4306722651 hasPrimaryLocation W43067226511 @default.
• W4306722651 hasRelatedWork W1991998642 @default.
• W4306722651 hasRelatedWork W1995515455 @default.
• W4306722651 hasRelatedWork W2080531066 @default.
• W4306722651 hasRelatedWork W2108604776 @default.
• W4306722651 hasRelatedWork W2298432056 @default.
• W4306722651 hasRelatedWork W2748952813 @default.
• W4306722651 hasRelatedWork W2899084033 @default.
• W4306722651 hasRelatedWork W3031052312 @default.
• W4306722651 hasRelatedWork W3032375762 @default.
• W4306722651 hasRelatedWork W4313372368 @default.
• W4306722651 hasVolume "17" @default.
• W4306722651 isParatext "false" @default.
• W4306722651 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W4306722651 workType "article" @default.