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- W4306989340 abstract "Overview Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and third most common cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Risk factors include chronic Helicobacter pylori infection, smoking, autoimmune gastritis, obesity, and other causes. Some countries with higher incidence have established screening programs but methodology and eligibility remain controversial. Despite knowledge of risk factors and screening for high‐risk populations, identification of earlier stage potentially curable disease remains a challenge. Multiple genetic mutations are involved in gastric cancer pathogenesis, and mutations in the cellular adhesion protein E‐cadherin result in familial diffuse gastric cancer. Certain patterns of metastatic disease have been associated with particular molecular alterations. Increasing understanding of molecular pathways involved in gastric cancer allows efficacious use of targeted biologic therapies with cytotoxic chemotherapy in the advanced setting, such as trastuzumab in patients with gastric cancer and HER2 / neu overexpression. Surgical resection is the primary potentially curative therapy in those without metastatic disease. Type of resection, extent of lymphadenectomy, and use of laparoscopic or robotic surgery are variable emphasizing the need for best practice standards. Chemotherapy and radiation play an important role in the adjuvant setting. Choice and timing of these therapies require accurate staging by thorough evaluation with endoscopy, cross‐sectional imaging, and in some cases endoscopic ultrasound ( EUS ) or positron emission tomography. Palliative therapy is important for patients with symptoms in the metastatic setting and after recurrence since cure is not possible in either situation. Results of recent clinical trials are encouraging including hope that immunotherapy will add to the collective therapies available. Ultimately, most people diagnosed with gastric cancer in the world will die. Research is ongoing in all areas from epidemiology to screening to diagnosis to staging and therapy." @default.
- W4306989340 created "2022-10-22" @default.
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- W4306989340 creator A5025412209 @default.
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- W4306989340 creator A5087142016 @default.
- W4306989340 date "2022-10-21" @default.
- W4306989340 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W4306989340 title "Carcinoma of the Stomach" @default.
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