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• W4308471014 abstract "Abstract Background Several studies in both experimentally and naturally infected dogs have reported the adulticide effect of a combination of macrocyclic lactones and doxycycline against Dirofilaria immitis , showing that these protocols can be used as an alternative to melarsomine. The present study evaluated the efficacy of oral, topical and extended-release injectable formulations of moxidectin when combined with doxycycline in dogs naturally infected with D. immitis from a shelter located in southern Italy. Methods A total of 30 dogs with naturally acquired D. immitis infection were divided in three groups (G) and treated either with oral moxidectin (G1) once a month for 9 consecutive months, topical moxidectin (G2) once a month for 9 consecutive months or with an extended release moxidectin injectable (G3) at enrolment and again at 6 months (Day 180). All treatment groups received doxycycline for the first 30 days. Microfilarial concentration in 1 ml (mff/ml) of blood were determined monthly for 9 months, with the modified Knott’s test. A clinical scoring system was employed for each dog enrolled in the study based on thoracic radiography and cardiac ultrasound (CU) exams performed at Day -15 (before treatment) and at Day 180. Results Results from the present study suggest that the majority of dogs from all treatment groups became antigen negative, as evaluated at Day 270: 9/10 dogs (90.0%) from G1, 6/10 dogs (60.0%) from G2 and 8/10 dogs (80.0%) from G3. Improvement of radiographic alterations was observed in all treatment groups, and almost all dogs were cleared of pulmonary abnormalities by six months from the beginning of treatment ( P = 0.000). Cardiac ultrasound examination showed a progressive improvement of cardiac function in a limited number of animals (4/30). Conclusions The combination of doxycycline and three different formulations of moxidectin leads to antigen negative status in naturally infected dogs." @default.
• W4308471014 created "2022-11-12" @default.
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• W4308471014 date "2022-11-07" @default.
• W4308471014 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W4308471014 title "Efficacy of oral, topical and extended-release injectable formulations of moxidectin combined with doxycycline in Dirofilaria immitis-naturally infected dogs" @default.
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• W4308471014 doi "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2229744/v1" @default.
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