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- W4308791503 abstract "Microorganisms have witnessed the history and evolution of life on Earth for about 3.8 billion years. They have also been sentinels of human activity throughout history. Activities such as mining and metallurgy have left their trace on the microbial communities that inhabit industrialized zones. Human activity on our planet, especially since the Industrial Revolution, has had an unprecedented effect on the environment. Mechanized activities, taken to the extreme in recent years, are increasing contamination. Wastewater discharges into rivers and lakes are causing phenomena such as eutrophication and acidification of the waters. Additionally, climate change is becoming more acute as a consequence of atmospheric pollution and the increase in temperature of anthropogenic origin. In cold environments, microorganisms have lived confined within the ice for years. These microorganisms are specially adapted to the hostile environment in which they live and are especially sensitive to environmental changes, and especially to increases in temperature. Both the abundance and diversity of microbial populations vary according to environmental conditions. These microorganisms adapt to environmental changes through molecular adaptation mechanisms such as the production of antifreeze proteins, extracellular polymeric substances, and lipids that serve as cryoprotectants by maintaining the fluidity of their membranes. In addition, they synthesize pigmented molecules to obtain energy, increase their resistance to stress, and as ultraviolet light screens. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge of the natural and anthropogenic mechanisms of climate forcing that threaten the balance of microbiomes in cold environments, and how these microbial communities and their molecules can be used as sentinels of climate change." @default.
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- W4308791503 date "2022-11-11" @default.
- W4308791503 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W4308791503 title "Identification of Sentinel Microbial Communities in Cold Environments" @default.
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- W4308791503 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119678304.ch5" @default.
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