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• W4308991106 abstract "To the Editor: In a study of medical students considering dermatology, the most prominent perceived barriers to applying were step 1 scores, clinical grades, and fear of not matching.1Soliman Y.S. Rzepecki A.K. Guzman A.K. et al.Understanding perceived barriers of minority medical students pursuing a career in dermatology.JAMA Dermatol. 2019; 155: 252-254https://doi.org/10.1001/JAMADERMATOL.2018.4813Crossref PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar Compared to Caucasian students, underrepresented in medicine (URiM, defined as Black/African American, Hispanic, Latino, American Indian, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander) students reported greater concerns about lack of mentorship and socioeconomic factors.1Soliman Y.S. Rzepecki A.K. Guzman A.K. et al.Understanding perceived barriers of minority medical students pursuing a career in dermatology.JAMA Dermatol. 2019; 155: 252-254https://doi.org/10.1001/JAMADERMATOL.2018.4813Crossref PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar Though visiting electives can provide valuable connections for potential mentorship and interview offers, they can be cost prohibitive. Visiting scholarships reserved for URiM students can attenuate these effects and potentially increase diversity in dermatology. This study characterizes funded dermatology visiting electives for URiM students. The American Medical Association's FREIDA database was used to identify 144 dermatology residency programs. Official program websites were queried from February 1 to April 1, 2022, for visiting URiM scholarship opportunities. The Dermatology Interest Group Association website was reviewed for further opportunities. Visiting URiM scholarships were offered by 37 (25.7%) programs to cover elective-related costs. Funding ranged from $500 to $2500, with 29 programs (78.4%) offering ≥$1500, 6 programs (16.2%) offering <$1500, and 2 programs (5.4%) not specifying the amount (Table I). All 37 programs required application via Visiting Student Learning Opportunities and a program-specific supplemental application. A letter of recommendation and/or personal statement was required by 54.1% and 91.9% of programs, respectively.Table IFunded visiting electives for underrepresented in medicine students applying to dermatology as of April 1, 2022StateProgram nameFunding amount (USD)ArizonaUniversity of Arizona College of Medicine (Tucson)Up to $1500Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science (Arizona)Up to $2500CaliforniaStanford Health Care-Sponsored Stanford UniversityUp to $2000∗Waiver of application fee.University of California (Irvine)Up to $2500University of California (San Francisco)Up to $2000University of California Davis HealthUp to $2000∗Waiver of application fee.University of Southern California/LAC∗Waiver of application fee.USC Medical CenterUp to $2000District of ColumbiaGeorge Washington University School of MedicineUp to $1500FloridaMayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science (Jacksonville)Up to $2500IllinoisUniversity of Illinois College of Medicine at ChicagoUp to $2000McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern UniversityUp to $1500IndianaIndiana University School of MedicineUp to $2000MarylandJohns Hopkins UniversityUp to $750MassachusettsMassachusetts General Hospital/Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Brigham and Women's HospitalUp to $2500MichiganHenry Ford HospitalUp to $750University of Michigan Health SystemUp to $1500MinnesotaMayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science (Rochester)Up to $2500MissouriUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaUp to $950Washington University/B-JH/SLCH ConsortiumUp to $2000∗Waiver of application fee.North CarolinaDuke University Hospital-∗Waiver of application fee.University of North Carolina HospitalsUp to $1000Wake Forest University School of Medicine-NebraskaUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center College of MedicineUp to $1500†Obtained via email inquiry.New MexicoUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineUp to $1500New YorkIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiUp to $2000OhioCase Western Reserve UniversityUp to $2500∗Waiver of application fee.Cleveland Clinic FoundationUp to $2500, Free housingUniversity of Cincinnati Medical Center/College of MedicineUp to $1000OklahomaUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterUp to $1500PennsylvaniaUniversity of Pennsylvania Health SystemUp to $1500Rhode IslandBrown UniversityUp to $2000South CarolinaMedical University of South CarolinaUp to $1000∗Waiver of application fee.TennesseeVanderbilt University Medical CenterUp to $2000TexasUniversity of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio School of MedicineUp to $2000VirginiaUniversity of Virginia Medical CenterUp to $1500WashingtonUniversity of WashingtonUp to $2000WisconsinMedical College of Wisconsin Affiliated HospitalsUp to $2000- Unspecified.USD, United States dollars.∗ Waiver of application fee.† Obtained via email inquiry. Open table in a new tab - Unspecified. USD, United States dollars. As of 2015, 88.9% of dermatology applicants performed a visiting elective; on average, applicants completed a mean of 2.3 visiting rotations and spent $1966 per rotation, with 47% matching where they did a visiting elective.2Winterton M. Ahn J. Bernstein J. The prevalence and cost of medical student visiting rotations.BMC Med Educ. 2016; 16: 291https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-016-0805-zCrossref PubMed Scopus (61) Google Scholar In 2022, estimated costs of dermatology visiting electives ranged from $1390 to $5500 per rotation.3Bethany C. Grant-Kels J.M. Ethical implications of the high cost of medical student visiting dermatology rotations.Clin Dermatol. 2022; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2022.05.001Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (1) Google Scholar Based on the 2020 AAMC (Association of American Medical Colleges) Medical School Graduation Questionnaire, 86.7% of dermatology applicants complete at least one rotation (mean 2.7 per applicant).3Bethany C. Grant-Kels J.M. Ethical implications of the high cost of medical student visiting dermatology rotations.Clin Dermatol. 2022; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2022.05.001Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (1) Google Scholar Prior knowledge of an applicant has been cited by program directors as an important factor in choosing whom to interview (82.4%) and rank (58.8%).4National Resident Matching ProgramData release and research committee: results of the 2021 NRMP program director survey.www.nrmp.orgDate: 2021Date accessed: May 6, 2022Google Scholar Visiting electives allow applicants to form relationships valued by program directors and may confer an advantage in the match process. A recent investigation shows that URiM students complete similar numbers of visiting electives and graduate with a higher loan burden than Caucasians.5Costello C.M. Harvey J.A. Besch-Stokes J.G. et al.The role of race and ethnicity in the dermatology applicant match process.J Natl Med Assoc. 2022; 113: 666-670https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2021.07.005Crossref PubMed Scopus (6) Google Scholar It is unclear whether funded visiting electives will improve match outcomes for URiM applicants or simply lower their loan burden, and what other interventions would be effective at increasing diversity in dermatology. Funded dermatology visiting electives for URiM students are offered by a minority of dermatology residency programs. Expansion of visiting elective scholarships to be commensurate with costs of the rotation may help improve loan disparities and bolster efforts to increase diversity in dermatology through network development. Promotion and expansion of national programs such as the AAD (American Academy of Dermatology) Diversity Mentorship Program and the Skin of Color Society Observership Grant can provide alternative routes for mentorship and networking. De-emphasis of visiting electives in the match process may help improve equity among applicants given their cost. This study is limited by data available on dermatology residency program websites. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of visiting URiM student scholarships with respect to match outcomes. None disclosed." @default.
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• W4308991106 title "Funded dermatology visiting elective rotations for medical students who are underrepresented in medicine: A cross-sectional analysis" @default.
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