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- W4309645665 abstract "Background. Patients on haemodialysis (HD) present a significant inflammatory status, which has a pronounced negative impact on their outcomes. Propolis is a natural resin with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. We assessed the safety and impact of a standardized Brazilian green propolis extract (EPP-AF®) on the inflammatory status in patients under conventional HD. Methods. Patients were assigned to receive 200 mg/day of EPP-AF® for 4 weeks followed by 4 weeks without the drug, and changes in plasma levels of interleukins (ILs), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and high-sensitivityc-reactive protein (HsCRP) were measured. A heatmap was used to illustrate trends in data variation. Results. In total, 37 patients were included in the final analysis. Patients presented an exacerbated inflammatory state at baseline. During EPP-AF® use, there was a significant reduction in IFN-γ ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M1> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.005</mn> </math> ), IL-13 ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M2> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.04</mn> </math> 2), IL-17 ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M3> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.039</mn> </math> ), IL-1ra ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M4> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.008</mn> </math> ), IL-8 ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M5> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.009</mn> </math> ), and TNF-α ( <math xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M6> <mi>p</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo><</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mn>0.001</mn> </math> ) levels compared to baseline, and significant changes were found in Hs-CRP levels. The heatmap demonstrated a pattern of pronounced proinflammatory status at baseline, especially in patients with primary glomerulopathies, and a clear reduction in this pattern during the use of EPP-AF®. There was a tendency to maintain this reduction after suspension of EPP-AF®. No significant side effects were observed. Conclusion. Patients under haemodialysis presented a pronounced inflammatory status, and EPP-AF® was demonstrated to be safe and associated with a significant and maintained reduction in proinflammatory cytokines in this population. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04072341." @default.
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- W4309645665 date "2022-11-22" @default.
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- W4309645665 title "Effects of Standardized Brazilian Green Propolis Extract (EPP-AF®) on Inflammation in Haemodialysis Patients: A Clinical Trial" @default.
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- W4309645665 doi "https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1035475" @default.
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