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- W43111605 abstract "At present several tunneling projects are carried through in the major cities in Sweden. A common and notorious problem is that the projects are delayed and budgets are exceeded. This has lead to costly law suits and a general suspicion between consultants, contractors and clients like the road and railway authorities (Vagverket and Banverket). In this the geological information and background data almost always play a dubious role. A translation of geological information to straightforward engineering information is not trivial. Rock classification systems like the RMR [1] and Q [2] systems are attempts to condense geological information and present it in a way that engineers can digest. Efforts have been made to tie the classifications to data-bases from case studies to give direct construction guidelines. The results are however not encouraging and in reality the classification systems as they are used seem to be a part of the problem rather than the solution [3]. However, in tunnel construction the information on what lies ahead of the tunnel front is never complete and adjustments on reinforcements and grouting to rock conditions have to be made regularly. This approach is formalized in the Observational method according to Eurocode 7 [4] where the rules for how the design is reviewed are based on observation during construction to arrive at an acceptable behavior of the system. The problem is that stability can not be assessed until the final rock supports are made, leakage to a tunnel can not be measured until the tunnel is built and weirs are installed etc. Added to this remediation of inadequacies later on are very costly and in some cases not feasible." @default.
- W43111605 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W43111605 date "2010-01-01" @default.
- W43111605 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W43111605 title "THE USE OF PROXY PARAMETERS IN PRE-INVESTIGATION, DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF TUNNELS WITH APPLICATION TO GROUTING" @default.
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