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• W4311468946 abstract "Extract Aims In this book I have two main aims. In the first two parts, I offer a reading of core distinctive themes in Stoic ethics, centred on the idea of happiness as the life according to nature and on ethical development as learning to live this kind of life. In the third part, I suggest that Stoic ethics has more to contribute to modern moral theory, especially in virtue ethics, than it has done so far. These two aims are closely interconnected. My account of Stoic ethics is designed to bring out its coherence and strengths, as I see them, which are linked with (but not limited to) its coherence. The combination of the coherence and strengths underlie the main claim of the final chapters, that Stoicism can serve as an especially valuable contributor to modern virtue ethics, as a supplement or alternative to the standard ancient prototype, Aristotle. I begin by a general statement of these claims, which are explained further in the following outline of chapters. I see Stoic ethics as a coherent combination of an innovative theory of value with a credible conception of nature, both human and universal, and of ethical development or education. The Stoic theory of value is ethically rigorous in seeing virtue as the sole basis for happiness, as contrasted with the main ancient alternative, that happiness is based on a combination of virtue and other kinds of good things. However, this ethical rigour is explained, and justified, in three main ways. It is justified, in terms of value theory, by the distinction between the special value (goodness) of virtue and the value of other things normally regarded as good, which the Stoics call ‘indifferents’. This is linked, in turn, with a conception of virtue as expertise in selecting between indifferents and in leading a happy life. This value theory is further supported by reference to ideas of nature and ethical development. Both virtue and happiness are analysed as expressing nature at its best, either human or universal (that of the world or universe) or both. This supports the claim that virtue constitutes the sole basis for happiness. Stoic value theory is also closely linked with, and supported by, its account of ethical development, the main distinctive features of which are the ideas of ‘appropriation’ (oikeiōsis) and emotional development (or ‘therapy’). The theory of development centres on the ideas that the movement towards virtue and virtue-based happiness forms an integral part of a life expressing human (or universal) nature at its best and also that the capacity to develop in this way falls within the scope of all human beings. A further, correlated, feature of Stoic ethical theory is stress on the social and other-benefitting dimensions of human life. This is conveyed especially in the ideas that human beings are constitutively rational and sociable and that the motive to care for others is a primary, in-built motive alongside the motive to care for oneself." @default.
• W4311468946 created "2022-12-26" @default.
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• W4311468946 date "2022-11-24" @default.
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• W4311468946 title "Introduction" @default.
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• W4311468946 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198866169.003.0001" @default.
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