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- W4313236916 endingPage "961" @default.
- W4313236916 startingPage "949" @default.
- W4313236916 abstract "Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is one of the fatal cancers of the Central Nervous System (CNS). A variety of reasons exist for why previous immunotherapy strategies, especially Immune Checkpoint Blockers (ICBs), did not work in treating GBM patients. The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) is a key immune checkpoint receptor. Its overexpression in cancer and immune cells causes tumor cell progression. CTLA-4 suppresses anti-tumor responses inside the GBM tumor-immune microenvironment.It has been attempted to explain the immunobiology of CTLA-4 as well as its interaction with different immune cells and cancer cells that lead to GBM progression. Additionally, CTLA-4 targeting studies have been reviewed and CTLA-4 combination therapy, as a promising therapeutic target and strategy for GBM immunotherapy, is recommended.CTLA-4 could be a possible supplement for future cancer immunotherapies of GBM. However, many challenges remain such as the high toxicity of CTLA-4 blockers, and the unresponsiveness of most patients to immunotherapy. For the future clinical success of CTLA-4 blocker therapy, combination approaches with other targeted treatments would be a potentially effective strategy. Going forward, predictive biomarkers can be used to reduce trial timelines and increase the chance of success." @default.
- W4313236916 created "2023-01-06" @default.
- W4313236916 creator A5014784394 @default.
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- W4313236916 creator A5075729706 @default.
- W4313236916 date "2022-11-02" @default.
- W4313236916 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
- W4313236916 title "Targeting the CTLA-4/B7 axes in glioblastoma: preclinical evidence and clinical interventions" @default.
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