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- W4313245169 abstract "Bladder cancer (BCa) is the 10th most common and 13th most deadly malignancy worldwide. About 5% of BCa patients present initially with metastatic disease, with bone being the most diagnosed site for distant metastasis. The overall one-year survival of patients with BCa is 84%, whereas it is only 21% in patients with bone metastasis (BM). Metastasis of BCa cells to bone occurs by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, intravasation, extravasation, and interactions with the bone microenvironment. However, the mechanism of BCa metastasis to the bone is not completely understood; it needs a further preclinical model to completely explain the process. As different imaging mechanisms, PET-CT cannot replace a radionuclide bone scan or an MRI for diagnosing BM. The management of BCa patients with BM includes chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, antibody-drug conjugates, bisphosphonates, denosumab, radioisotopes, and surgery. The objective of these treatments is to inhibit disease progression, improve overall survival, reduce skeletal-related events, relieve pain, and improve the quality of life of patients." @default.
- W4313245169 created "2023-01-06" @default.
- W4313245169 creator A5011856999 @default.
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- W4313245169 creator A5041546547 @default.
- W4313245169 creator A5045019377 @default.
- W4313245169 creator A5072661487 @default.
- W4313245169 date "2022-12-27" @default.
- W4313245169 modified "2023-10-13" @default.
- W4313245169 title "Bone Metastasis in Bladder Cancer" @default.
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