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- W4313372461 abstract "The use of sexagesimal place-value notation (hereafter SPVN) is one of the most striking features of cuneiformCuneiform mathematics. The earliest attestations of a systematic use of SPVN in cuneiform sources are found in a small set of mathematical textsMathematical text [mathematical tablet, mathematical manuscript, mathematical classic, mathematical work, mathematical source] dated to the Ur III periodUr III period (twenty-first century BCE) [Third Dynasty of Ur, Ur III] (ca. 2112 to 2004 BCE). Besides this mathematical corpus, traces of numbers written in positional notations have been found in some Ur III administrative texts. Just a few dozen tablets, among tens of thousands of known Ur IIISourcesadministrative sources [administrative document, administrative document, administration] administrative documentsAdministrative documents [administrative records, administrative management, administrative tasks], exhibit such numbers noted in positional notation. Moreover, such numbers noted in positional notation appear almost only as a kind of graffiti in the margins. This chapter focuses on these scanty ‘marginal numbersMarginal number [marginal inscription, marginal positioning]’. Marginal numbers in Ur III administrative texts testify to diverse practices with positional notations and sexagesimalSexagesimal factorsFactor (between succeeding measurement units) in an administrative contextContext [contextualized, context, contextualization], and, in this way, exemplify different ‘cultures of computation and quantificationQuantification’ in the Ur III periodUr III period (twenty-first century BCE) [Third Dynasty of Ur, Ur III]. Through a close analysis of the positional notations found in Ur III administrative texts, we detect a diversityDiversity of graphical systems for what was considered until now as a uniformUniformity [Uniform] (as an epistemic value) notion of SPVN. We show that these graphical systems vary according to the operations (multiplication, reciprocalReciprocal, additionAddition, subtraction), the contexts (administrative or mathematical), and the archaeological sites considered in this study (UmmaUmma, GirsuGirsu, Puzriš-DaganPuzriš-Dagan, NippurNippur). Our goal is to show that this diversityDiversity of notations reflects different computational methods." @default.
- W4313372461 created "2023-01-06" @default.
- W4313372461 creator A5050623067 @default.
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- W4313372461 date "2022-01-01" @default.
- W4313372461 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W4313372461 title "Place-Value Notations in the Ur III Period: Marginal Numbers in Administrative Texts" @default.
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- W4313372461 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98361-1_5" @default.
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