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- W4313374787 abstract "Folliculitis decalvans (FD) is a rare, primary, neutrophilic, cicatricial alopecia that usually occurs in young to middle-aged adults. FD initially presents as a distinct follicular pustule or papule that may be tender, painful, or pruritic. This area begins to slowly expand creating irregularly shaped patches of scarring alopecia as the follicular orifice is lost. Active disease continues peripherally in an expanding pattern. FD has a waxing and waning course with periods of more intense disease presentation followed by periods of reduced activity. FD almost exclusively affects the scalp with preferential activity at the vertex and occiput. Another notable characteristic of FD is tufting of hair characterized by multiple hairs (5–20) emerging from the same dilated follicle. The first step in the diagnosis of FD involves gathering a general medical history and a bacterial infection history as Staphylococcus aureus is commonly cultured from the active lesions. Following this, a thorough examination of the scalp should be performed to look for follicular ostia, perifollicular erythema, or follicular hyperkeratosis. Treatment for FD has traditionally focused on controlling inflammation and the microbiota through the use of steroids and antibiotics. Destruction of hair follicles results in permanent hair loss; therefore, therapy is targeted at active lesions to prevent future permanent hair loss. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with red light as well as immunotherapies are potential treatments usually in those patients who are refractory to steroids and antibiotics. Both of these treatment options lack robust evidence and are associated with mixed outcomes. As FD can be a painful, distressing, disease that is scarring in nature, patient counseling is essential for comprehensive patient care." @default.
- W4313374787 created "2023-01-06" @default.
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- W4313374787 date "2022-01-01" @default.
- W4313374787 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W4313374787 title "60-Year-Old Male with Painful Patches of Hair Loss on the Scalp" @default.
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- W4313374787 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15820-9_13" @default.
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