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- W4313374920 abstract "Syphilis is the most rapidly increasing sexually transmitted disease in the United States. Of those patients who develop secondary syphilis, only about 8% will develop alopecia. Even so, with a rise in case numbers, there will be a concurrent rise in the number of patients presenting with syphilitic alopecia. Alopecia due to syphilis frequently presents as a moth-eaten pattern diffusely across the cranium; however, it has been dubbed the great mimicker due to its presentation taking many forms and copying other causes of alopecia. The pathophysiology behind syphilitic alopecia is thought to be due to a vasculitis in the peribulbar vessels leading to a lymphocytic infiltration and ultimately hair loss. While it is difficult to differentiate from other causes of alopecia, taking a thorough history can help narrow the differential by asking about sexual activity, other known syphilis symptoms, and looking for systemic effects. Infection is generally screened for with Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) test and positive screens confirmed using a treponemal test such as Treponema Pallidum Particle Agglutination (TPPA), Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption test (FTA-ABS) or even Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Currently the best form of treatment is treating the underlying syphilitic infection. Penicillin G 2.4 × 1066 units IM as a one-time dose remains the mainstay treatment of choice. Symptoms of alopecia resolve after successful treatment, typically within 3 months of infection resolution." @default.
- W4313374920 created "2023-01-06" @default.
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- W4313374920 date "2022-01-01" @default.
- W4313374920 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W4313374920 title "38-Year-Old Female with Patchy Alopecia Diffusely on the Scalp, Headache, Fatigue, and Rash" @default.
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- W4313374920 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15820-9_22" @default.
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