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- W4313375096 abstract "Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia (CCCA) is a primary, scarring, lymphocytic, alopecia that mostly occurs in middle-aged females of African descent. The hair loss pattern seen in CCCA usually begins at the vertex of the scalp and progresses in a symmetric centrifugal, or circular, pattern, resulting in irreversible scarring and loss of follicular pores. The pathogenesis is unknown but recent evidence suggests that it is a multifactorial condition influenced by genetics, grooming habits, and environmental factors which trigger an inflammatory response that ultimately leads to scarring. Diagnosis can be made through clinical presentation and characteristic dermatoscopic findings with possible use of biopsy. Laboratory values such as nutritional markers, CBC, and androgen levels can aid in ruling out other forms of alopecia. Typical dermatoscopic findings show peripilar white or gray halos, honeycomb patterns, perifollicular and/or interfollicular erythema, broken hairs, and pinpoint white dots. CCCA can be differentiated from LPP histologically but may also require the use of an elastin stain, which shows differences in fibrosis morphology. Patient management should include a progressive multifactorial approach focusing on early intervention with medications, patient education on additional preventative measures and disease course, as well as psychosocial support and counseling. Topical medical treatments include those that reduce scalp inflammation and provide symptomatic relief for patients, such as corticosteroids, tetracyclines, minocycline, calcineurin inhibitors, anti-seborrheic shampoos, and minoxidil. Treatment can progress to the concurrent administration of intralesional corticosteroid injections, and oral immunomodulatory medications. Medications currently being explored for treatment include apremilast, gabapentin, clobetasol propionate, and JAK inhibitors. Invasive procedures, such as hair transplants, are considered last-line therapy. Additional techniques, including non-pharmacological methods such as camouflaging with hair pieces, wigs, and scalp micropigmentation have been beneficial for patients. These in conjunction with psychological support can be beneficial to patient satisfaction." @default.
- W4313375096 created "2023-01-06" @default.
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- W4313375096 date "2022-01-01" @default.
- W4313375096 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W4313375096 title "50-Year-Old Female with a Burning Scalp and Hair Loss" @default.
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- W4313375096 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15820-9_11" @default.
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